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目的:回顾原发性高血压患者拔牙术前口服药物控制性降压前后血压和心率变化,探讨口服药物降低患者血压的有效性,从而提高高血压患者拔牙的安全性。方法:对1997年1月～2011年12月就诊的263例高血压拔牙患者,在分别服用安定、硝苯地平等药物及联合用药进行控制性降压后,将患者的临床资料根据高血压级别、性别和年龄进行回顾性统计分析。结果:术前药物控制性降压患者人数逐年增多。各组用药前后血压变化均有统计学意义。安定和安定联合硝苯地平降压作用良好,其中安定在高血压3级、男性和超过75岁的患者中降压效果明显;而安定联合硝苯地平在高血压2级、3级,女性和超过75岁的患者中降压效果明显,其差别均有统计学意义。单纯应用硝苯地平降压有效率最低。结论:术前药物控制性降压能够达到良好的降压效果,可有效提高高血压患者拔牙安全性。
OBJECTIVE: To review the changes of blood pressure and heart rate before and after controlled hypotension in patients with essential hypertension before oral extraction, and to explore the effectiveness of oral medication to reduce blood pressure in patients with hypertension so as to improve the safety of tooth extraction in hypertensive patients. Methods: Totally 263 hypertensive patients with tooth extraction from January 1997 to December 2011 were randomly divided into two groups: control group (n = 20), control group (n = , Gender and age were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The number of patients with controlled hypotension before surgery increased year by year. Each group before and after treatment of blood pressure changes were statistically significant. Antihypertensive effect of diazepam combined with nifedipine is good, of which diazepam is stable at hypertension grade 3, and antihypertensive efficacy is significantly greater in men and patients over 75 years of age; and diazepam combined with nifedipine is effective in lowering blood pressure at grade 2, grade 3, Antihypertensive effect was obvious in patients over 75 years old, the difference was statistically significant. Nifedipine simply use antihypertensive efficiency is the lowest. Conclusion: Premedication controlled hypotension can achieve a good antihypertensive effect, which can effectively improve the safety of tooth extraction in hypertensive patients.