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Have作为使役动词,意为 “使” “让” “叫”,后跟复合宾语,即宾语+宾语补足语。其用法有以下几种:
一、have sb ./sth doing
现在分词作宾补,与宾语形成逻辑上的主谓关系,而且这种动作往往具有持序、进行的含义。
如:The two men had their lights burning all day long. 那两个人让灯通宵亮着。
另外,还可用句型won’t / can’t +have + sb. +doing sth. 表示不允许或禁止。如:
I won’t have you smoking at your age.我不允许你在这个年龄就吸烟。
二、have sb. do sth
省略的不定式作宾语,与宾语之间具有逻辑上的主谓关系,不定式往往表示一次性的具体动作。如:
Mother had me post the letter at once. 妈妈让我把信立即寄出去。
The soldiers had the boy stand with his back to his father.士兵让这男孩背对着父亲站着。
Have the driver bring the car at 4 o’clock.让司机四点种把车开过来。
We’d be delighted to have you work with us. 我们很高兴你和我们一道工作。
典型考例
—excuse me sir, where is Room 301?
—just a minute, I have Bob _______ you to your room. (07北京)
A.show B.shows C.to show D. showing
析:A句中have表示“让”,为使役动词,因此后面接省去to的不定式宾语补足语。
三、have sth. done
过去分词做宾补,与宾语形成逻辑上的动宾关系。
(1)叫/让别人做某事,动作执行者不是句子主语,也不是句子宾语,而是别人。
I don’t like to wash clothes,so I always have my clothes washed.
我不喜欢洗衣服,所以总让别人给我洗。
Do your homework yourself;don’t have it done.自己做作业,别叫别人帮你做。
(2)被… 表示无意的被动行为。
Before long ,I had my hat blown off . 不久,我的帽子被吹掉了。
I had my hands burnt in that big fire. 在那场大火中我的双手都被烧伤了。
(3)使某事被做。
Sorry,I can’t have my work finished in a short time. 对不起,我不能在短时间之内完成工作。
How can I have these mistakes corrected?我怎样才能改正这些错误?
典型考例
1.——Did Peter fix the computer himself?
——He, because he doesn’t know much about computers. (07安徽)
A. has it fixed B. had fixed it
C. had it fixed D. fixed it
析: C. doesn’t know much about computers.暗示该空表示“让别人修了这台电脑,”说的是已经发生的事因此添had it fixed。
2. Jenny hopes that Mr. Smiths will suggest a good way to have her written Englishin a short period. (0 7 福建)
A .improvedB. improving
C. to improveD. improve
析: A. 该空表示”被解释”, 因此应填过去分词explained 作使役动词had的宾语补足语.
四、have作使役动词,除了接以上三种常见的复合宾语外,也可接形容词、副词或介词短语作宾补
如:I want to have my room clean and tidy. 我想使我的房间清洁、整齐。
It is sunny today you’d better have your flowers out. 今天天气晴朗,你最好把花搬到外面去。
He will have the sofa in this room .他要把沙发放在这个房间。
注意:如 have 作“有”讲,则其宾语后可接带to 的动词不定式作定语。
如:I have a composition to write,so I can’t go swimming. 我有一篇作文要写,因此我不能去游泳了。
(河北乐亭县第一中学;063600)
一、have sb ./sth doing
现在分词作宾补,与宾语形成逻辑上的主谓关系,而且这种动作往往具有持序、进行的含义。
如:The two men had their lights burning all day long. 那两个人让灯通宵亮着。
另外,还可用句型won’t / can’t +have + sb. +doing sth. 表示不允许或禁止。如:
I won’t have you smoking at your age.我不允许你在这个年龄就吸烟。
二、have sb. do sth
省略的不定式作宾语,与宾语之间具有逻辑上的主谓关系,不定式往往表示一次性的具体动作。如:
Mother had me post the letter at once. 妈妈让我把信立即寄出去。
The soldiers had the boy stand with his back to his father.士兵让这男孩背对着父亲站着。
Have the driver bring the car at 4 o’clock.让司机四点种把车开过来。
We’d be delighted to have you work with us. 我们很高兴你和我们一道工作。
典型考例
—excuse me sir, where is Room 301?
—just a minute, I have Bob _______ you to your room. (07北京)
A.show B.shows C.to show D. showing
析:A句中have表示“让”,为使役动词,因此后面接省去to的不定式宾语补足语。
三、have sth. done
过去分词做宾补,与宾语形成逻辑上的动宾关系。
(1)叫/让别人做某事,动作执行者不是句子主语,也不是句子宾语,而是别人。
I don’t like to wash clothes,so I always have my clothes washed.
我不喜欢洗衣服,所以总让别人给我洗。
Do your homework yourself;don’t have it done.自己做作业,别叫别人帮你做。
(2)被… 表示无意的被动行为。
Before long ,I had my hat blown off . 不久,我的帽子被吹掉了。
I had my hands burnt in that big fire. 在那场大火中我的双手都被烧伤了。
(3)使某事被做。
Sorry,I can’t have my work finished in a short time. 对不起,我不能在短时间之内完成工作。
How can I have these mistakes corrected?我怎样才能改正这些错误?
典型考例
1.——Did Peter fix the computer himself?
——He, because he doesn’t know much about computers. (07安徽)
A. has it fixed B. had fixed it
C. had it fixed D. fixed it
析: C. doesn’t know much about computers.暗示该空表示“让别人修了这台电脑,”说的是已经发生的事因此添had it fixed。
2. Jenny hopes that Mr. Smiths will suggest a good way to have her written Englishin a short period. (0 7 福建)
A .improvedB. improving
C. to improveD. improve
析: A. 该空表示”被解释”, 因此应填过去分词explained 作使役动词had的宾语补足语.
四、have作使役动词,除了接以上三种常见的复合宾语外,也可接形容词、副词或介词短语作宾补
如:I want to have my room clean and tidy. 我想使我的房间清洁、整齐。
It is sunny today you’d better have your flowers out. 今天天气晴朗,你最好把花搬到外面去。
He will have the sofa in this room .他要把沙发放在这个房间。
注意:如 have 作“有”讲,则其宾语后可接带to 的动词不定式作定语。
如:I have a composition to write,so I can’t go swimming. 我有一篇作文要写,因此我不能去游泳了。
(河北乐亭县第一中学;063600)