行政执法信息公开制度实证研究——以质监、工商、城管为重点

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中国的行政执法信息公开正努力前行,具有代表性的质监领域、工商领域、城管领域的行政执法信息公开的正反经验表明,行政执法信息公开方式的多样化、行政执法信息公开功能的复效化、行政执法信息的整合、共享趋势、行政执法信息从单向公开走向双向交流等特点值得关注。专题的公众认知问卷调查分析结果表明,行政执法信息应当公开已成为多数人的共识,公众认为主动公开意义更为重大,公众认为政府网站是信息公开的主渠道,公众基本认同《政府信息公开条例》规定的豁免公开的范围,多数公民对行政执法信息公开缺乏准确认知,公众对相关法律法规缺乏认知,公众对行政执法机关拒不公开信息的行为性质缺乏准确认知,公众对行政执法机关在信息公开中的法律责任缺乏准确认知,公众对行政机关的行为态度印象不佳,行政执法信息公开的渠道不畅、获取不便,行政执法信息公开的社会满意度很低。当下中国的行政执法信息公开制度的突出问题是:制度参与者的认识水平制约了行政执法信息公开制度的有效运行,有关法律规范的模糊和空白给行政执法实务造成困扰,行政执法信息公开制度的类型化、针对性不足,行政执法信息公开制度设计简单粗糙,缺乏刚性,难以实现制度目标,行政执法信息公开的监督制度软弱无力。我们应当针对这些突出问题并顺应阳光政府建设的世界潮流,确立行政执法信息公开制度的完善路向,采取切实有效的对策举措,发挥出信息公开法治的力量。 The openness of administrative law enforcement information disclosure in China is moving forward. The positive and negative experiences of the publicity of administrative law enforcement information in the areas of quality supervision, industrial and commercial fields and urban management show that the information disclosure of administrative law enforcement is diversified and the information disclosure function of administrative law enforcement Re-integration, the integration of administrative law enforcement information, sharing trends, administrative law enforcement information from one-way public to two-way exchange and other characteristics deserve attention. Public questionnaire survey results show that the publicity of administrative law enforcement information has become the consensus of the majority, the public think the significance of active public is more important, the public think the government website is the main channel of information disclosure, the public basically agree with the "open government information The majority of citizens lack of accurate understanding of the disclosure of administrative law enforcement information, the public lack of awareness of the relevant laws and regulations, the public lack of accurate understanding of the nature of the behavior of the administrative law enforcement agencies refusing to disclose information, the public to the administrative The lack of accurate legal responsibility of law enforcement agencies in the disclosure of information, the poor public perception of the behavior of administrative organs, the poor access to administrative law enforcement information, the inconvenience of access and the low social satisfaction of administrative law enforcement information disclosure. At present, the outstanding problems of the information disclosure system of administrative law enforcement in China are as follows: The level of awareness of system participants has restricted the effective operation of the system of information disclosure of administrative law enforcement; the obscurity and blankness of relevant laws and regulations have plagued the practice of administrative law enforcement; Type, lack of pertinence, the design of administrative law enforcement information disclosure system is simple and rough, lack of rigidity, it is difficult to achieve institutional goals, and the supervision system of administrative law enforcement information disclosure is weak. We should address these outstanding issues and comply with the sunshine of the world government to establish the trend of the establishment of the administrative law enforcement information disclosure system to improve the way to take effective measures to play to the information disclosure of the power of the rule of law.
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