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为筛选石灰性土壤上耐低铁的大豆品种,在吉林省洮南市石灰性缺铁土壤上,通过V3和R2期叶绿素含量和单株生物产量的测定,对126个大豆品种耐低铁性进行了鉴定及聚类分析。结果表明,不同时期不同大豆品种叶绿素含量和单株生物产量差异显著。聚类分析将126个品种分成5个级别,1级品种18个,占参试品种14.3%,对土壤缺铁抗性表现最强,整个生育期叶绿素含量、单株平均生物产量均较高;2级品种33个,占参试品种26.2%,对土壤缺铁抗性表现较高,单株平均生物产量积累低于1级品种;3级品种30个,占参试品种23.8%,对土壤缺铁抗性表现中等,品种叶片前期黄化,后期均会恢复,一定程度上影响了后期干物质积累;4级品种27个,占参试品种21.4%,对土壤缺铁抗性表现较敏感,品种叶片整个生育期均黄化,干物质积累受到极显著影响;5级品种18个,占参试品种14.3%,对土壤缺铁抗性表现敏感,前期叶片黄化严重,后期植株死亡。
In order to screen the low iron-tolerant soybean varieties on calcareous soil, 126 soybean cultivars were tested for their low-iron-resistance characteristics by measuring the chlorophyll content and yield per plant in stages V3 and R2 on calcareous iron-deficient soil in Taonan City, Jilin Province. The identification and cluster analysis were carried out. The results showed that there were significant differences in chlorophyll content and biomass per plant between different soybean cultivars in different periods. Cluster analysis divided 126 cultivars into 5 grades, 18 cultivars of Grade 1, accounting for 14.3% of the tested cultivars, and had the strongest resistance to soil iron deficiency. The chlorophyll content and average biomass per plant were higher in the whole growth period. 33 cultivars of Grade 2, accounting for 26.2% of the tested cultivars, high resistance to soil iron deficiency and lower average biomass per plant than Grade 1 cultivars; 30 cultivars of Grade 3, accounting for 23.8% of the test cultivars, Iron deficiency resistance was moderate, early yellowing of cultivars and later recovery of the cultivars, which affected the accumulation of dry matter to a certain extent in late stage. 27 cultivars of Grade 4, accounting for 21.4% of the tested cultivars, were more sensitive to soil iron deficient resistance , And the varieties had yellowing during the whole growth period and the dry matter accumulation was extremely significantly affected. The 18 varieties of Grade 5, accounting for 14.3% of the tested varieties, were sensitive to the iron-deficient soil resistance. The early leaves had serious yellowing and the plants died later.