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近几年高考历史命题改革取得了突破性的进展,考查目标已由侧重考查知识发展到注重考查能力。其中提高选择题的能力要求,就是重要的表现。而增加选择题的干扰性,是提高选择题能力要求的关键。 选择题的干扰性有三种:题干干扰性、题肢干扰性和干肢关系干扰性。 一、题干干扰性 题干干扰性,指的是在材料式和引文式选择题中,题干含义深刻,要求考生对所给的材料或引文进行提炼和概括,切实弄清题意。另外,逆向选择题在方向上对考生形成干扰。 例1:1906年孙中山说;“我们并不是恨满洲人,是恨害汉人的满洲人。假如我们实行军命的时候,满洲人不来阻害我们,决无寻仇之理。……我们推翻满洲政府,从驱除满人那一面说是民族革命,从颠覆君主政体那一面说是政治革命,……那政治革命的结果,是建立民主立宪政体。照现在这样的政治论起来,就算汉人为君主,也不能不革命。”这表明当时孙中山:
In recent years, the reform of the historical examination proposition of the college entrance examination has made breakthrough progress. The examination objectives have been focused on examining knowledge development and focusing on examination ability. The ability to improve multiple-choice questions is an important performance. Increasing the interference of multiple-choice questions is the key to improving the ability of multiple-choice questions. There are three kinds of interference problems in the multiple-choice questions: interference in the dry questions, interference in the limbs, and interference in the relationship between the limbs. 1. Interference with irritating questions Interference with irritating questions refers to the profound meaning of the questions in materials and citations in multiple-choice questions. The candidates are required to refine and summarize the materials or citations given, and to clarify the meaning of the questions. In addition, adverse selection questions interfere with candidates in the direction. Example 1:1 Sun Yat-sen in 906 said: “We do not hate Manchurians and are Manchu people who hate the Han people. If we were to carry out military operations, Manchurians would not come to block us. There would be no reason for seeking revenge.... The Manchurian government said that it was a national revolution from the side of dispelling the Manchurian side, and that it was a political revolution from the side of subversion of the monarchy.... The result of the political revolution was the establishment of a democratic constitutional government. According to the current political theory, even Han people are The monarch can not but also not revolution." This shows Sun Yat-sen at that time: