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目的通过调查了解平阳县尘肺并发慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重(AECOPD)的相关因素,探讨预防措施。方法分析平阳县人民医院呼吸内科2014年1月-12月收治的64例尘肺合并AECOPD患者资料,采用调查与检测方法相结合,收集患者的一般材料、临床表现、照料因素和过去一年中因急性加重入院的次数,测定急性加重期血球分析及稳定期肺功能,对于单因素具有统计学意义的各因素进一步采取Logistic多因素分析。结果单因素分析结果显示,两组患者在年龄、工龄、BMI、尘肺期别、吸烟、COPD家族史以及居住环境七个因素上差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);将单因素比较具有统计学意义的各因素进一步采取Logistic回归分析,结果显示,工龄、尘肺期别、吸烟、居住环境以及年龄五个因素进入回归模型(P<0.05)。结论工龄、尘肺期别、吸烟、居住环境以及年龄是影响尘肺患者并发慢性阻塞性肺疾病的独立危险因素,预防措施包括定期进行体检,积极控制尘肺病情的发展,戒烟、提倡健康的生活方式,注意保持生活环境的干净整洁等。
Objective To investigate the related factors of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) in Pingyang County and investigate the preventive measures. Methods The data of 64 cases of pneumoconiosis complicated with AECOPD admitted to Department of Respiratory Medicine, Pingyang People’s Hospital from January to December 2014 were analyzed. The general materials, clinical manifestations, factors of care and the factors Acute exacerbation of hospital admission, determination of acute exacerbation of blood analysis and stable pulmonary function, for the single factor statistically significant further Logistic multivariate analysis. Results The results of univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences between the two groups in the factors of age, length of service, BMI, pneumoconiosis, smoking, family history of COPD and living environment (P <0.05). The single factor was statistically significant Logistic regression analysis further showed that all the factors of learning significance included five factors of working age, pneumoconiosis, smoking, living environment and age (P <0.05). Conclusions The length of service, pneumoconiosis, smoking, living environment and age are the independent risk factors of pneumoconiosis complicated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Preventive measures include regular physical examination, positive control of the development of pneumoconiosis, smoking cessation, promotion of a healthy lifestyle, Pay attention to keep the living environment clean and tidy.