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目的评价福州市社区居民亚健康状态现况并探讨其主要影响因素。方法按比例分层抽取福州市长乐和福清两地区居民5000名,采用问卷调查和健康体检的方式对研究对象进行亚健康状态测量和影响因素调查。结果女性居民亚健康三个维度得分均高于男性(P<0.05);60岁及以上老年组、离异或丧偶居民亚健康状态三个维度得分均最高(P<0.05)。女性、60岁及以上老年人、饮食不规律和受教育程度高是亚健康状态三个维度的主要危险因素;离异或丧偶是躯体和心理亚健康状态的危险因素;已戒烟是心理和社会适应亚健康的危险因素;BMI是躯体亚健康的危险因素;而体育锻炼是躯体和社会适应亚健康的保护因素。结论良好的生活行为习惯、美满的婚姻和正常的BMI是保障居民身心健康的重要因素。
Objective To evaluate the status of sub-health status of community residents in Fuzhou and discuss the main influencing factors. Methods 5000 residents of Changle and Fuqing districts of Fuzhou were stratified by scale. The questionnaires and physical examination were used to survey the subjects’ sub-health status and influence factors. Results The sub-health scores of female residents in three dimensions were all higher than those in male (P <0.05). The scores of sub-health status in 60-year-old and above-aged group, divorced or widowed residents were the highest (P <0.05). Women, aged 60 and over, with irregular eating patterns and high levels of education, were the major risk factors in the three dimensions of sub-health status. Divorced or widowed were the risk factors for physical and psychological sub-health status. Smoking cessation was psychological and social adaptation Sub-health risk factors; BMI is the body sub-health risk factors; and physical exercise is the physical and social adaptation to sub-health protection factors. Conclusions Good living and behavior habits, happy marriage and normal BMI are important factors to protect residents’ physical and mental health.