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文化的共性和个性,即文化的普遍性和特殊性,是文化比较研究中的根本问题,但一般对文化作比较研究时多关注其特殊性,而忽视其普遍性,如人们在比较中西文化时认为天人合一是中国文化的基本精神。那么,中西文化还有没有共同性呢?如果有,又是什么呢?我在《哲学研究》1997年第4期中发表的《唯物史观与文化的共性和个性》文章中作了这种考察,认为天人合一(就其合理含义讲,即人与自然的统一)与主客二分不仅不是中西文化的特殊性而恰恰是它们的共性,因为根据马克思主义的基本
The commonness and individuality of culture, that is, the universality and particularity of culture, are the fundamental problems in the comparative study of culture. However, in general, when studying comparatively culture, we pay more attention to its particularity and neglect its universality. For example, When the unity of man and nature is the basic spirit of Chinese culture. So, is there any commonality between Chinese and Western cultures? If so, what is it? I made such an inspection in the article “Common Features and Individualities of Historical Materialism and Culture” published in the 4th issue of Philosophy Studies in 1997 . It is not just the peculiarity of Chinese and Western cultures but just their commonality that the unity of man and nature (speaking of its reasonable meaning, that is, the unification of man and nature) and the dichotomy between subject and object are based on the basic Marxism