目的探讨胰腺母细胞瘤的影像病理特征及鉴别诊断。方法回顾性分析1例胰腺母细胞瘤病例的诊治过程,并复习文献。结果 CT显示肿块位于胰腺体尾部偏后方,肿瘤有包膜、边缘清晰,主要由等密度实性成分构成,增强实性部分呈中度强化,散在囊变坏死不强化,肿瘤侵犯脾静脉。组织学可见肿瘤由上皮细胞构成,鳞状小体为其特征性表现。免疫组化CK、CgA和Syn均为阳性。结论胰母细胞瘤是一种罕见的胰腺外分泌腺肿瘤,多发生于儿童,成人罕见,在影像学诊断中应与胰腺其他肿瘤鉴别。 Objective To investigate the imaging features and differential diagnosis of pancreatoblastoma. Methods The diagnosis and treatment of one case of pancreatoblastoma were retrospectively reviewed and reviewed. Results CT showed that the tumor was located posterior to the tail of the pancreas. The tumor was enveloped and the margin was clear. The tumor mainly consisted of solid components of equal density. The solidified part was moderately enhanced, the cystic degeneration and necrosis were not intensified, and the tumor invading the splenic vein. Histologically, the tumor is composed of epithelial cells and the squamous body is its characteristic manifestation. Immunohistochemical CK, CgA and Syn were positive. Conclusion Pancreatoblastoma is a rare pancreatic exocrine tumor, which occurs mostly in children and is rare in adults. It should be distinguished from other pancreatic tumors in imaging diagnosis.