中国从来就不止一个农村,至少从来就不止一个类型的农村。即使是在农村生活了一辈子的人,也未必敢说他真正了解农村。他所了解的,可能只是他自己的那个村庄。想了解农村,我们必须在整体的中国里来看农村;而想要理解农村问题,必须站到历史的高地,既看到传统中国的乡村,也看到农村在过去100多年来的变迁,在此基础上想象未来的农村图景。数千年来,中国的农村供养着城市,成长为城市,在自给自足的小农经济与小商品经济的传统产业结构里与城市文化相通,社会相连,政治共和。然而,自1840年西方工商业资本入侵以来,这种一体两面的格局被现代“化”了。农 China has always had more than one rural area, at least more than one type of rural area. Even those who live in rural areas for a lifetime do not necessarily dare to say that he really understands the countryside. All he knew was probably his own village. If we want to understand the rural areas, we must look at the rural areas in the whole of China. To understand the rural areas, we must stand in the historic highlands. We not only see the traditional rural areas of China, but also see the changes in rural areas over the past 100 years. Based on this imagine the future of the rural picture. For thousands of years, China’s rural areas have supported cities and grown into cities. They have been connected with urban culture, socially connected and politically repudiated in the traditional industrial structure of self-sufficient small-peasant and commodity economy. However, since the invasion of commercial capital in the West in 1840, this one-body and two-mannered pattern has been modernized. Farmers