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采用微波水蒸气蒸馏法提取香榧假种皮中的挥发油,以GC-MS法分析其成分,并采用离体法测定其对5种植物病原真菌的抑菌活性。结果表明香榧假种皮挥发油最佳提取工艺为:微波功率为低火、微波时间2 min、蒸馏时间60 min。从香榧假种皮挥发油中共检测出43种成分,鉴定出36种成分,主要成分为柠檬烯(25.333%)、α-蒎烯(17.472%)等。在2 mg/mL浓度下,香榧假种皮挥发油对黄瓜枯萎病菌(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cucumerinum)、水稻稻瘟病菌(Pyricularia oryzae)、玉米小斑病菌(Bipolaris maydis)、黄瓜霜霉病菌(Pseudoperonospora cubensis)和番茄早疫病菌(Alternaria solani)菌丝生长均有较强的抑制作用,抑制率均达到85%以上。
Volatile oil from the seed coat of Perilla frutescens L. was extracted by microwave steam distillation. The constituents were analyzed by GC-MS. The antibacterial activity against five plant pathogenic fungi was determined by in vitro method. The results showed that the optimal extraction technology of volatile oil from the seed coat was as follows: microwave power was low, microwave time was 2 min, distillation time was 60 min. A total of 43 constituents were detected from the volatile oil of the sweet clover seed coat, and 36 constituents were identified. The main constituents were limonene (25.333%) and α-pinene (17.472%). At the concentration of 2 mg / mL, the volatile oil of Fagopyrum arborescens seed coat could inhibit Fusarium oxysporum f.spcucumerinum, Pyricularia oryzae, Bipolaris maydis, Pseudoperonospora cubensis and Alternaria solani could inhibit the mycelium growth to a maximum of 85%.