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在塔机设计中,臂架设计是结构设计中最为复杂的部分,也是直接影响整机设计水平的关键。因此,采用优化设计的理论和手段是提高臂架设计水平的有效途径。本文在大量的塔机臂架结构分析及试验的基础上,提出一种建立臂架优化数学模型的方法,即 1.将结构构造尺寸作为设计变量,使优化对象成为一个变几何状态的数模; 2.将臂架、臂架拉杆作为一个系统进行优化,以《起重机设计规范》中的综合整体稳定性、杆件单肢稳定性及结构强度等为整体约束和局部约束,保证了力学模型的理论完整性; 3.用非线性规化法进行计算,用有限元法进行细部校核。
In tower crane design, boom design is the most complex part of the structural design, and it is also the key to directly affect the overall design level. Therefore, the use of optimized design theory and means is an effective way to improve the design level of the boom. Based on the analysis and test of a large number of tower crane booms, this paper proposes a method to establish an optimization mathematical model for the boom, that is, 1. Take the structural dimension as a design variable, and make the optimization object a digital model with variable geometry. 2. The boom and boom lever are optimized as a system, and the integral overall stability, single-limb stability and structural strength of the rod are integrated and locally constrained to ensure the mechanical model. The theoretical integrity; 3. Calculated using non-linear regulation method, using the finite element method for detailed checking.