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2000年9月30日上午,正在北京参加全国劳模观光团的海盐县特种纤维织造厂厂长赵荣华的手机突然响起,一个熟悉而又略显陌生的声音传来:“是荣华吗?”
赵荣华不由一愣,脱口而出:“哦,是先生。”
“先生”,是原浙江海盐衬衫总厂职工对有着中国企业改革第一人之称的厂长步鑫生的习惯叫法。
通话中,已定居上海的步鑫生说他已来海盐,想和赵荣华见上一面。
关上手机后,赵荣华沉默良久。自从离开海盐衬衫总厂后,他和步鑫生再没有过任何联系,屈指算来,当年那场轰动全国的“罢免”风波,已经整整过去16年了。
(一)
1983年7月的一天,浙江海盐衬衫总厂厂长步鑫生突然召开厂工会委员会议,宣布改组厂工会,任命工会副主席赵荣华任主席,原工会主席冯织娟不在新名单之内。
当时,冯织娟照顾生病的孩子没有参加会议,赵荣华也因出差没在厂里,回来后听说此事感到十分突然。在步鑫生的几次催促下,赵荣华考虑再三,对步鑫生说:“按照《工会章程》,工会主席是由会员们选举后报县总工会批准的,这样做恐怕不合适。”
这次擅自改组厂工会,在步鑫生的预想中,冯织娟不服上访是可能的,但赵荣华不听自己的安排倒是没有料到的。他几次找赵荣华,催他立刻上任,并要他立即从冯织娟手里拿回厂工会的公章。由于赵荣华始终不肯,而步鑫生的话在厂里向来是金科玉律不容改变,显然这一个骑虎难下的局面让步鑫生十分恼火,对这样一个“不识抬举”的“逆臣”,他终于要发雷霆之怒了。
1983年12月8日上午,两位副厂长和几个厂中层干部来到赵荣华办公室,说一会儿厂里召开全厂职工大会,你就不要参加了,我们陪你在这里听广播。
不一会儿,高音喇叭里传来步鑫生的声音,宣布撤消赵荣华一切职务,开除公职,留厂察看两年,罪名是“拉帮结伙,乱中篡权”,连从1978年起一直在厂里做临时工的赵荣华妻子刘培英也被株连解雇。
对不听步鑫生的话就任厂工会主席,赵荣华预感到会给自己带来麻烦,但先生对他如此痛下杀手,却是万万没有料到的。他强压下心中的怒火,对几个“陪”着他的人说:“我必须找先生谈谈。”
此时的步鑫生根本不愿见赵荣华,他知道赵荣华身兼保卫科长,有厂里所有办公室的钥匙,于是把自己关在电梯上面的一个小房间里,一支接一支地抽着“万宝路”。找遍了全厂不见步鑫生的赵荣华,无奈前往县委、县总工会和二轻局反映情况。走到厂门口,一张刚刚贴出来开除他的通告墨迹未干,他再也按捺不住心头的愤怒,三把两把扯了下来,大步冲出厂门。
第二天有人告诉步鑫生,赵荣华已前往杭州向省总工会申诉。这对步鑫生来说无疑是火上浇油,赫然贴出第二号通告,对赵荣华不作留用,立即开除。
一个月后,1984年1月24日,《浙江工人日报》头版头条刊发了题为“擅自改组工会,随意撤销和开除工会主席”的报道,对此事进行了披露。在上级工会的过问和海盐县委的直接干预下,步鑫生不得不勉强恢复了赵荣华的厂籍,但对赵荣华的职务和他妻子的工作,步鑫生死活不肯恢复。
(二)
三天后,在北京参加完全国劳模观光团活动的赵荣华回到海盐,带上在北京买的十条“万宝路”香烟,驱车前往步鑫生下榻的宾馆。他知道,烟瘾很大的先生只抽这种牌子。
车子路过原海盐衬衫总厂门前,那熟悉的厂房让赵荣华不由心头一动。多年来,赵荣华似乎有意无意地避免从这里经过,今天看到已是几易其主的工厂,不由得几分感慨浮上心头。
1976年,赵荣华和另外二十几个知青被招进厂里,分到整烫包装车间。接下来的几年,赵荣华的聪明、干练,在扩大生产规模和新厂建设中得到了充分的发挥。除了被职工选为厂工会副主席外,还同时担任了保卫科长、后勤科长、治保副主任、基建领导小组副组长等职,最多时兼职达到10个,而且每个职务都像是一枚枚棋子被步鑫生摆在了急需的位置,绝非虚设。
就是这样一种谐和,却被1983年最后一个月的两张通告彻底颠覆了,用步鑫生的话说:“赵荣华是我一手提拔的,我让他上就上,让他下就下!”步鑫生固执己见,赵荣华宁折不弯,此刻他们俩犹如拳击台上的一对拳击手,两个男人对视的目光尽管游动着些许迷惑和无奈,但谁也不会自动走下拳台。
1984年2月26日晚,中央人民广播电台全文播发了由新华社和《浙江日报》记者共同采写的《要积极支持敢于改革创新的干部》的文章,并以“中共中央整党工作指导委员会办公室”的名义加了编者按语。第二天,《人民日报》《工人日报》《解放日报》《浙江日报》等全国各大报纸均在头版头条刊登了全文,对步鑫生给予了异乎寻常的肯定。几乎一夜之间,步鑫生“火”了。县城武原镇上,迎来了潮水般的参观人流,高峰时每天多达几千人,后来规定只有师、局级干部才能见到步鑫生,其他人只能听听录音。这样的火爆场面连步鑫生也幽了自己一默:“干脆把我放到动物园给人看算了。”
此时,离贴出开除赵荣华通告还不到三个月。
许多年后,赵荣华回忆起这段日子,说其实他一天都不想在厂里呆了,之所以硬着头皮留下来,只是想有机会为自己讨回个公道。后来面对如日中天的步鑫生,看来想为自己讨回公道已无可能,他没有必要再在这里耗下去了。1984年11月7日,赵荣华悄然离开了他工作八年的工厂,回到县城西南大约20公里的老家——古镇澉浦。
(三)
汽车在步鑫生下榻的宾馆停了下来,也打断了赵荣华的回忆。他跳下车,直奔登记处打听步鑫生住的房间。服务员的回答出乎他的意外:“步先生今天早晨返回上海了。”
赵荣华默默地走出宾馆大门,不知道这次擦肩而过,今后还会不会有见面的机会。手中的“万宝路”香烟,他托人捎去上海,算是告知先生,自己没有爽约。
赵荣华属牛,回到老家那年35岁。经过一段时间的痛苦和迷茫,终于找回了他那宁折不弯的牛脾气。他邀集了另外4户农民,每家投入5000元,租用了几间生产队废弃的仓库,招收了十来名农村青年,买了4台织机,办起了全省第一家联户企业。
四年后的1988年,赵荣华获得了全国“五一”劳动奖章。
也是在这一年,一段步鑫生语录不胫而走:“1988年事情多,火车相撞,飞机坠毁,闹洪灾,还有就是——我被免职了。”
后来,步鑫生先后去了上海、北京、辽宁等地。1990年,他在接受《浙江科技报》记者采访时,说到赵荣华,心情有点沉重:
“那是我的错,我的脾气不好,现在想来,那时的做法有点过分了。”
“关于他(指赵)我在报上看到过介绍,知道一些情况,他的确是个人才,我心里很佩服他,他在逆境中能顽强生存下来,确实不简单啊!”
几乎与此同时,赵荣华也在一次回答记者关于步鑫生的询问中说:
“先生这个人,说真的,他有许多地方值得我学习,至于对我的处理,不是我们两个人有什么成见,出现这种情况,主要是他刚愎自用的性格造成的。”
(四)
2001年5月25日下午5时许,从天津出差回来的赵荣华刚刚在上海浦东机场走下舷梯,接到了步鑫生打来的电话,说他现在已经在海盐,准备参加明天坐落在南北湖黄沙坞狮子头的“源亭”落成仪式。这里既是钱江潮的发源地,也蕴涵着海盐是改革大潮发源之地的意思,“源亭”二字,就是步鑫生亲手所书。电话中,步鑫生问赵荣华能否来南北湖会面。赵荣华欣然应允,催促前来接站的司机马上返回海盐。
这是两人自1984年分手后的第一次见面。久别重逢,情绪似乎并不像人们通常想象的那样热烈,最初的寒暄过后,大家重新坐了下来。显然,两位有着极强个性的人,对过去的事是绝口不提的,相互注视的眼神,握手的力度,乃至简单的问候,一切都心知肚明了。
在赵荣华的眼里,实在看不出年届七十的步鑫生有什么变化,头发一丝不乱,衬衫雪白,领带光鲜,不禁感慨地说:“先生,你一点都没变。”
这也是步鑫生一直引为自豪的事。他那瘦小的身躯里,仿佛有着消耗不完的精力,特别是在着装上,决不容许有半点马虎。
告别时,赵荣华请步鑫生到他的厂里参观,步鑫生说:“已经到了这里,我听你的。”
第二天上午,赵荣华派车将步鑫生接到厂里。面对占地70亩的厂区,2万多平方米的厂房,200多人的职工队伍,5000万元的年产值,一向说话滔滔不绝的步鑫生沉默了。临走,他对赵荣华说:“你是我们衬衫总厂出来的人中,干得最好的一个。”
从此以后,步鑫生每次回海盐,赵荣华都事先安排好宾馆,吃饭会客,外出用车,一一关照妥当,而且只要不是出差,都尽量抽出时间陪陪他。
2003年10月7日,《浙江工人日报》刊登了题为“步鑫生著文向赵荣华表达内疚之情”的报道,披露步鑫生近日撰写了一篇回忆文章,这位当年用一把剪刀剪开了中国企业改革大幕的人,向20年前被他开除的赵荣华表达了心中深深的歉意:
“我在外地有时静下来,会想到他(指赵),这种回忆既有好的一面,也有内疚甚至痛心的一面。很明显,当时衬衫总厂职工有目共睹,衬衫总厂能够有较好的业绩,其中赵荣华做出很大的努力,可以说是功不可没。他们夫妻俩被打击,身处逆境责任全在我个人的错误决断。虽已时过境迁,但这个问题在我的脑海里永远抹不去,每每想到一个人遭遇不公正处理后的那种心情,愧疚之情油然而生,成了平生的一大憾事。”
熟悉步鑫生性格的人,对他著文公开向赵荣华道歉,多少感到有些吃惊。回首当年,步鑫生从云端直落谷底,也不过淡淡说了句 “那时候冲的太猛,规模搞大了,人才又跟不上,失控了”的话。如今,把开除赵荣华视为“平生一大憾事”的步鑫生,这遗憾恐怕也并非针对赵荣华本人,当年那场“罢免”风波,无论是对步鑫生,还是对赵荣华,都出乎他们的意外,我们虽不能说这个“意外”导致了衬衫总厂的“失控”,但由此暴露出步鑫生为后来的结局埋下了伏笔。
同样,这场“意外”在将赵荣华推入绝境的同时,也调动起了他身上所有的潜能,在一次次手足胼胝中实现了在逆境中的崛起。
Feud Dies after 16 Years
On the afternoon of September 30, 2000, Zhao Ronghua, director of Haiyan Special Fibers Plant on a business tour in Beijing, received a phone call on his mobile. It was a voice he hadn’t heard for 16 years. The call was from Bu Xinsheng, Zhao’s former employer who had sacked him for disobeying his instructions in a dispute 16 years before.
One day in July, 1983, Bu Xinsheng, director of the Haiyan Shirts General Factory, called for a meeting to shake up the factory’s trade union. He sacked the union president and appointed the vice president Zhao to take over.
Zhao refused to take over, citing the union regulations that only the county trade federation had the authority to appoint or sack any union leaders. Zhao’s response was a surprise to Bu, who, a high-handed executive, had expected that Zhao would readily obey his instruction. In the following weeks, Bu approached Zhao on a few occasions and urged him to take over the union leadership. But Zhao was adamant. Bu was incensed by the confrontation.
On the morning of December, 1983, Bu announced through the plant’s public broadcasting system to place Zhao on probation for 2 years and sack his wife, citing Zhao had formed cliques.
Zhao had expected there might be some trouble, but when the trouble came, the blow was harder than he had imagined. He wanted to talk with Bu, but Bu refused to see him at all. Zhao went to the county government and the union to argue his case and then presented his report to the provincial government.
Bu was further exasperated. The probation of 2 years was revoked and Zhao was sacked. But the government intervened. One month later, Zhao was back to the factory, but he was no longer allowed to work in the management. He was banished to a workshop and served as a first line worker.
Zhao was no ordinary worker. Employed in 1976, he had been fast promoted for his brilliant performance as a manager. Now working as an ordinary worker was a punishment.
In 1984, Bu became a national celebrity for his reform in management. For months, people came from all over the country to visit the plant and admire Bu’s reform achievements. Zhao knew he didn't have a future in the plant and the silent feud between him and Bu would never stop. He resigned.
His wife did outsourced work at home. Zhao decided to start a business himself. Together with four other farmers, he rented a warehouse and started a textile factory, a multiple-household partnership. But Zhao encountered troubles. Polyester gabardine, a fabric which had been on high demand on market when the factory started its business, was out of favor when the factory began to sell the product. Zhao was hopeless. But one piece of information rekindled his hope. He learned that China Textile University and Shanghai Research Institute for Labor Protection were inviting bidders for mass-producing a conductive fiber, a high-tech product that would have bright prospects in various fields.
Excited, Zhao immediately rushed to Shanghai and visited professors involved. Finally Zhao won the bidding for 100,000 yuan. However, the factory needed to get upgraded technologically for mass production. Zhao invited nine professors and engineers from top universities and research institutes to advise him on important issues. About one month later, the factory succeeded in manufacturing the product. On April 28, 1988, an evaluation symposium was held in Haiyan. The product passed the strict national evaluation.
While Zhao’s career took a magic turn and began to take off in 1988, Bu was dismissed from the plant in the same year. In 1990, Bu said he was sorry for what he had done to Zhao in an interview.
It was not until May 25, 2001 that Bu and Zhao met again. The reunion was not as exciting as expected. Bu was in his 70s. They shook hands and they sat down to talk. Neither of them mentioned the confrontation. Zhao took Bu around his textile factory: a 20,000-square-meter facility with a workforce of 200 and an annual output value of 50 million yuan. Zhao’s wife now is director of a sweater factory.
In October 2003, Bu apologized publicly in a feature story in Zhejiang Workers?Daily, saying that the dismissal of Zhao and his wife was the biggest mistake of his life. Bu, a pioneer of industrial management across the country, had experienced ups and downs in his business career. Anybody would have expected that he would say something else was his biggest mistake, but Bu talked lightly about his business failures.
(Translated by David)
赵荣华不由一愣,脱口而出:“哦,是先生。”
“先生”,是原浙江海盐衬衫总厂职工对有着中国企业改革第一人之称的厂长步鑫生的习惯叫法。
通话中,已定居上海的步鑫生说他已来海盐,想和赵荣华见上一面。
关上手机后,赵荣华沉默良久。自从离开海盐衬衫总厂后,他和步鑫生再没有过任何联系,屈指算来,当年那场轰动全国的“罢免”风波,已经整整过去16年了。
(一)
1983年7月的一天,浙江海盐衬衫总厂厂长步鑫生突然召开厂工会委员会议,宣布改组厂工会,任命工会副主席赵荣华任主席,原工会主席冯织娟不在新名单之内。
当时,冯织娟照顾生病的孩子没有参加会议,赵荣华也因出差没在厂里,回来后听说此事感到十分突然。在步鑫生的几次催促下,赵荣华考虑再三,对步鑫生说:“按照《工会章程》,工会主席是由会员们选举后报县总工会批准的,这样做恐怕不合适。”
这次擅自改组厂工会,在步鑫生的预想中,冯织娟不服上访是可能的,但赵荣华不听自己的安排倒是没有料到的。他几次找赵荣华,催他立刻上任,并要他立即从冯织娟手里拿回厂工会的公章。由于赵荣华始终不肯,而步鑫生的话在厂里向来是金科玉律不容改变,显然这一个骑虎难下的局面让步鑫生十分恼火,对这样一个“不识抬举”的“逆臣”,他终于要发雷霆之怒了。
1983年12月8日上午,两位副厂长和几个厂中层干部来到赵荣华办公室,说一会儿厂里召开全厂职工大会,你就不要参加了,我们陪你在这里听广播。
不一会儿,高音喇叭里传来步鑫生的声音,宣布撤消赵荣华一切职务,开除公职,留厂察看两年,罪名是“拉帮结伙,乱中篡权”,连从1978年起一直在厂里做临时工的赵荣华妻子刘培英也被株连解雇。
对不听步鑫生的话就任厂工会主席,赵荣华预感到会给自己带来麻烦,但先生对他如此痛下杀手,却是万万没有料到的。他强压下心中的怒火,对几个“陪”着他的人说:“我必须找先生谈谈。”
此时的步鑫生根本不愿见赵荣华,他知道赵荣华身兼保卫科长,有厂里所有办公室的钥匙,于是把自己关在电梯上面的一个小房间里,一支接一支地抽着“万宝路”。找遍了全厂不见步鑫生的赵荣华,无奈前往县委、县总工会和二轻局反映情况。走到厂门口,一张刚刚贴出来开除他的通告墨迹未干,他再也按捺不住心头的愤怒,三把两把扯了下来,大步冲出厂门。
第二天有人告诉步鑫生,赵荣华已前往杭州向省总工会申诉。这对步鑫生来说无疑是火上浇油,赫然贴出第二号通告,对赵荣华不作留用,立即开除。
一个月后,1984年1月24日,《浙江工人日报》头版头条刊发了题为“擅自改组工会,随意撤销和开除工会主席”的报道,对此事进行了披露。在上级工会的过问和海盐县委的直接干预下,步鑫生不得不勉强恢复了赵荣华的厂籍,但对赵荣华的职务和他妻子的工作,步鑫生死活不肯恢复。
(二)
三天后,在北京参加完全国劳模观光团活动的赵荣华回到海盐,带上在北京买的十条“万宝路”香烟,驱车前往步鑫生下榻的宾馆。他知道,烟瘾很大的先生只抽这种牌子。
车子路过原海盐衬衫总厂门前,那熟悉的厂房让赵荣华不由心头一动。多年来,赵荣华似乎有意无意地避免从这里经过,今天看到已是几易其主的工厂,不由得几分感慨浮上心头。
1976年,赵荣华和另外二十几个知青被招进厂里,分到整烫包装车间。接下来的几年,赵荣华的聪明、干练,在扩大生产规模和新厂建设中得到了充分的发挥。除了被职工选为厂工会副主席外,还同时担任了保卫科长、后勤科长、治保副主任、基建领导小组副组长等职,最多时兼职达到10个,而且每个职务都像是一枚枚棋子被步鑫生摆在了急需的位置,绝非虚设。
就是这样一种谐和,却被1983年最后一个月的两张通告彻底颠覆了,用步鑫生的话说:“赵荣华是我一手提拔的,我让他上就上,让他下就下!”步鑫生固执己见,赵荣华宁折不弯,此刻他们俩犹如拳击台上的一对拳击手,两个男人对视的目光尽管游动着些许迷惑和无奈,但谁也不会自动走下拳台。
1984年2月26日晚,中央人民广播电台全文播发了由新华社和《浙江日报》记者共同采写的《要积极支持敢于改革创新的干部》的文章,并以“中共中央整党工作指导委员会办公室”的名义加了编者按语。第二天,《人民日报》《工人日报》《解放日报》《浙江日报》等全国各大报纸均在头版头条刊登了全文,对步鑫生给予了异乎寻常的肯定。几乎一夜之间,步鑫生“火”了。县城武原镇上,迎来了潮水般的参观人流,高峰时每天多达几千人,后来规定只有师、局级干部才能见到步鑫生,其他人只能听听录音。这样的火爆场面连步鑫生也幽了自己一默:“干脆把我放到动物园给人看算了。”
此时,离贴出开除赵荣华通告还不到三个月。
许多年后,赵荣华回忆起这段日子,说其实他一天都不想在厂里呆了,之所以硬着头皮留下来,只是想有机会为自己讨回个公道。后来面对如日中天的步鑫生,看来想为自己讨回公道已无可能,他没有必要再在这里耗下去了。1984年11月7日,赵荣华悄然离开了他工作八年的工厂,回到县城西南大约20公里的老家——古镇澉浦。
(三)
汽车在步鑫生下榻的宾馆停了下来,也打断了赵荣华的回忆。他跳下车,直奔登记处打听步鑫生住的房间。服务员的回答出乎他的意外:“步先生今天早晨返回上海了。”
赵荣华默默地走出宾馆大门,不知道这次擦肩而过,今后还会不会有见面的机会。手中的“万宝路”香烟,他托人捎去上海,算是告知先生,自己没有爽约。
赵荣华属牛,回到老家那年35岁。经过一段时间的痛苦和迷茫,终于找回了他那宁折不弯的牛脾气。他邀集了另外4户农民,每家投入5000元,租用了几间生产队废弃的仓库,招收了十来名农村青年,买了4台织机,办起了全省第一家联户企业。
四年后的1988年,赵荣华获得了全国“五一”劳动奖章。
也是在这一年,一段步鑫生语录不胫而走:“1988年事情多,火车相撞,飞机坠毁,闹洪灾,还有就是——我被免职了。”
后来,步鑫生先后去了上海、北京、辽宁等地。1990年,他在接受《浙江科技报》记者采访时,说到赵荣华,心情有点沉重:
“那是我的错,我的脾气不好,现在想来,那时的做法有点过分了。”
“关于他(指赵)我在报上看到过介绍,知道一些情况,他的确是个人才,我心里很佩服他,他在逆境中能顽强生存下来,确实不简单啊!”
几乎与此同时,赵荣华也在一次回答记者关于步鑫生的询问中说:
“先生这个人,说真的,他有许多地方值得我学习,至于对我的处理,不是我们两个人有什么成见,出现这种情况,主要是他刚愎自用的性格造成的。”
(四)
2001年5月25日下午5时许,从天津出差回来的赵荣华刚刚在上海浦东机场走下舷梯,接到了步鑫生打来的电话,说他现在已经在海盐,准备参加明天坐落在南北湖黄沙坞狮子头的“源亭”落成仪式。这里既是钱江潮的发源地,也蕴涵着海盐是改革大潮发源之地的意思,“源亭”二字,就是步鑫生亲手所书。电话中,步鑫生问赵荣华能否来南北湖会面。赵荣华欣然应允,催促前来接站的司机马上返回海盐。
这是两人自1984年分手后的第一次见面。久别重逢,情绪似乎并不像人们通常想象的那样热烈,最初的寒暄过后,大家重新坐了下来。显然,两位有着极强个性的人,对过去的事是绝口不提的,相互注视的眼神,握手的力度,乃至简单的问候,一切都心知肚明了。
在赵荣华的眼里,实在看不出年届七十的步鑫生有什么变化,头发一丝不乱,衬衫雪白,领带光鲜,不禁感慨地说:“先生,你一点都没变。”
这也是步鑫生一直引为自豪的事。他那瘦小的身躯里,仿佛有着消耗不完的精力,特别是在着装上,决不容许有半点马虎。
告别时,赵荣华请步鑫生到他的厂里参观,步鑫生说:“已经到了这里,我听你的。”
第二天上午,赵荣华派车将步鑫生接到厂里。面对占地70亩的厂区,2万多平方米的厂房,200多人的职工队伍,5000万元的年产值,一向说话滔滔不绝的步鑫生沉默了。临走,他对赵荣华说:“你是我们衬衫总厂出来的人中,干得最好的一个。”
从此以后,步鑫生每次回海盐,赵荣华都事先安排好宾馆,吃饭会客,外出用车,一一关照妥当,而且只要不是出差,都尽量抽出时间陪陪他。
2003年10月7日,《浙江工人日报》刊登了题为“步鑫生著文向赵荣华表达内疚之情”的报道,披露步鑫生近日撰写了一篇回忆文章,这位当年用一把剪刀剪开了中国企业改革大幕的人,向20年前被他开除的赵荣华表达了心中深深的歉意:
“我在外地有时静下来,会想到他(指赵),这种回忆既有好的一面,也有内疚甚至痛心的一面。很明显,当时衬衫总厂职工有目共睹,衬衫总厂能够有较好的业绩,其中赵荣华做出很大的努力,可以说是功不可没。他们夫妻俩被打击,身处逆境责任全在我个人的错误决断。虽已时过境迁,但这个问题在我的脑海里永远抹不去,每每想到一个人遭遇不公正处理后的那种心情,愧疚之情油然而生,成了平生的一大憾事。”
熟悉步鑫生性格的人,对他著文公开向赵荣华道歉,多少感到有些吃惊。回首当年,步鑫生从云端直落谷底,也不过淡淡说了句 “那时候冲的太猛,规模搞大了,人才又跟不上,失控了”的话。如今,把开除赵荣华视为“平生一大憾事”的步鑫生,这遗憾恐怕也并非针对赵荣华本人,当年那场“罢免”风波,无论是对步鑫生,还是对赵荣华,都出乎他们的意外,我们虽不能说这个“意外”导致了衬衫总厂的“失控”,但由此暴露出步鑫生为后来的结局埋下了伏笔。
同样,这场“意外”在将赵荣华推入绝境的同时,也调动起了他身上所有的潜能,在一次次手足胼胝中实现了在逆境中的崛起。
Feud Dies after 16 Years
On the afternoon of September 30, 2000, Zhao Ronghua, director of Haiyan Special Fibers Plant on a business tour in Beijing, received a phone call on his mobile. It was a voice he hadn’t heard for 16 years. The call was from Bu Xinsheng, Zhao’s former employer who had sacked him for disobeying his instructions in a dispute 16 years before.
One day in July, 1983, Bu Xinsheng, director of the Haiyan Shirts General Factory, called for a meeting to shake up the factory’s trade union. He sacked the union president and appointed the vice president Zhao to take over.
Zhao refused to take over, citing the union regulations that only the county trade federation had the authority to appoint or sack any union leaders. Zhao’s response was a surprise to Bu, who, a high-handed executive, had expected that Zhao would readily obey his instruction. In the following weeks, Bu approached Zhao on a few occasions and urged him to take over the union leadership. But Zhao was adamant. Bu was incensed by the confrontation.
On the morning of December, 1983, Bu announced through the plant’s public broadcasting system to place Zhao on probation for 2 years and sack his wife, citing Zhao had formed cliques.
Zhao had expected there might be some trouble, but when the trouble came, the blow was harder than he had imagined. He wanted to talk with Bu, but Bu refused to see him at all. Zhao went to the county government and the union to argue his case and then presented his report to the provincial government.
Bu was further exasperated. The probation of 2 years was revoked and Zhao was sacked. But the government intervened. One month later, Zhao was back to the factory, but he was no longer allowed to work in the management. He was banished to a workshop and served as a first line worker.
Zhao was no ordinary worker. Employed in 1976, he had been fast promoted for his brilliant performance as a manager. Now working as an ordinary worker was a punishment.
In 1984, Bu became a national celebrity for his reform in management. For months, people came from all over the country to visit the plant and admire Bu’s reform achievements. Zhao knew he didn't have a future in the plant and the silent feud between him and Bu would never stop. He resigned.
His wife did outsourced work at home. Zhao decided to start a business himself. Together with four other farmers, he rented a warehouse and started a textile factory, a multiple-household partnership. But Zhao encountered troubles. Polyester gabardine, a fabric which had been on high demand on market when the factory started its business, was out of favor when the factory began to sell the product. Zhao was hopeless. But one piece of information rekindled his hope. He learned that China Textile University and Shanghai Research Institute for Labor Protection were inviting bidders for mass-producing a conductive fiber, a high-tech product that would have bright prospects in various fields.
Excited, Zhao immediately rushed to Shanghai and visited professors involved. Finally Zhao won the bidding for 100,000 yuan. However, the factory needed to get upgraded technologically for mass production. Zhao invited nine professors and engineers from top universities and research institutes to advise him on important issues. About one month later, the factory succeeded in manufacturing the product. On April 28, 1988, an evaluation symposium was held in Haiyan. The product passed the strict national evaluation.
While Zhao’s career took a magic turn and began to take off in 1988, Bu was dismissed from the plant in the same year. In 1990, Bu said he was sorry for what he had done to Zhao in an interview.
It was not until May 25, 2001 that Bu and Zhao met again. The reunion was not as exciting as expected. Bu was in his 70s. They shook hands and they sat down to talk. Neither of them mentioned the confrontation. Zhao took Bu around his textile factory: a 20,000-square-meter facility with a workforce of 200 and an annual output value of 50 million yuan. Zhao’s wife now is director of a sweater factory.
In October 2003, Bu apologized publicly in a feature story in Zhejiang Workers?Daily, saying that the dismissal of Zhao and his wife was the biggest mistake of his life. Bu, a pioneer of industrial management across the country, had experienced ups and downs in his business career. Anybody would have expected that he would say something else was his biggest mistake, but Bu talked lightly about his business failures.
(Translated by David)