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本文报导采用土柱法和田间原位法研究渍水稻田甲烷释放特性的结果。不同生育期的测定表明,早稻以分蘖盛期时释放量最大,以后逐渐减少,晚稻从分蘖始期起逐渐增加,至分蘖盛期、末期时达到最大,随后在孕穗期急剧减少,至生长后期又有所回升。以原位法测定表明,晚间和上午释放的甲烷量较多,中午几乎无甲烷释放,下午又有少量释放。不同施肥区稻田甲烷释放量明显不同,以施猪粪有机肥区为最高,次为施尿素无机氮区,不施肥区最低。但各施肥区水稻不同生育期的甲烷释放趋势完全一致,以分蘖期释放量最大,稻田释放的甲烷主要是稻植株释放的,可占总释放量的85％以上。行株间土壤释放的量不多。田间水释放极少,就植株而言,甲烷释放部位主要是在与土壤密切结合的未扰动的根基和根系部位,水面下茎秆白色部分和水上绿色部分几乎无释放。根系也主要是靠近根基的上半部分,根尖部位甲烷形成活性明显小得多。且研究表明,产甲烷细菌附存于根表而不进入根内组织。根际土壤中产甲烷细菌、厌氧性纤维素分解细菌和甲烷氧化细菌的数量以及总挥发有机酸含量都明显高于和行间土壤。
This paper reports the results of using methane column method and field in situ method to study methane emission characteristics in waterlogged paddy fields. The determination of different growth stages showed that the release of early rice at the tillering stage was the largest and then decreased gradually. The late rice increased gradually from the tillering stage to the tillering stage and reached the maximum at the end stage, then decreased sharply at the booting stage to the late growth stage Has picked up. Determination by in situ method showed that there was more methane released in the evening and in the morning, almost no methane was released at noon, and a small amount was released in the afternoon. The methane emission of paddy fields in different fertilization areas is obviously different, with the highest organic fertilizer area in pig manure application, followed by inorganic nitrogen in urea application area and the lowest in non-fertilization area. However, the trends of methane release at different growth stages in different fertilization areas were the same, with the largest release amount at the tillering stage. The methane released from the paddy field was mostly released by rice plants, accounting for more than 85% of the total released amount. The amount of soil released between rows is small. In the field, there was very little release of water. In terms of plants, methane release sites were mainly in the undisturbed roots and roots closely associated with the soil. There was almost no release of the white and green parts of the stem under water. The root system is also mainly close to the upper part of the root, the formation of apical methane activity was significantly smaller. And studies have shown that methanogenic bacteria attached to the root table without entering the root tissue. The amount of methane-producing bacteria, anaerobic cellulolytic bacteria and methane-oxidizing bacteria in rhizosphere soil and total volatile organic acids were significantly higher than those in interplanting soil.