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结构复杂多样的天然产物是新药发现的重要源泉。通过天然产物合成生物学来实现天然产物的异源合成,被认为是解决复杂、稀缺天然产物来源问题最具前景的途径。DNA组装技术与基因组编辑技术是天然产物合成生物学研究的两大关键技术。前者可以将多个元件组装成超长DNA片段,实现代谢途径的重建,后者可以通过底盘基因组的改造,增加底盘与外源途径的适配性。该文综述了DNA组装技术与基因组编辑技术的最新研究进展,以期为天然产物合成生物学体系的构建和优化提供帮助。
Complex structure of natural products is an important source of new drug discovery. Heterologous synthesis of natural products through natural product biosynthesis is considered as the most promising way to solve the problem of the source of complex and scarce natural products. DNA assembly technology and genome editing technology are two key technologies in natural product synthetic biology research. The former can assemble multiple components into long DNA fragments to realize the reconstruction of metabolic pathways, which can increase the adaptation of the chassis to the exogenous pathway through the transformation of the genome of the chassis. This review summarizes the latest research progress in DNA assembly and genome editing techniques to help build and optimize the natural product synthetic biology system.