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表观遗传学修饰是一个可逆的过程,影响基因表达但不引起基因序列改变。肿瘤组织中存在的DNA甲基化异常可以概括为广泛低甲基化伴局部高甲基化。研究证明DNA甲基化抑制剂通过诱导抑癌基因重新表达,从而达到治疗肿瘤的目的。但与此同时也可能导致促癌基因和肿瘤转移相关基因的表达。S-腺苷甲硫氨酸(S-Adenosylmethionine,SAM,AdoMet)是一种甲基基团供体,被认为是一种去甲基化抑制因子可能逆转低甲基化引起的促癌基因表达,SAM治疗人类多种疾病疗效显著,因此提出S-腺苷甲硫氨酸在晚期肿瘤治疗中的意义。
Epigenetic modification is a reversible process that affects gene expression without causing changes in the gene sequence. The presence of DNA methylation abnormalities in tumor tissue can be summarized as extensive hypomethylation with local hypermethylation. Studies have shown that DNA methylation inhibitors can be used to treat tumors by inducing re-expression of tumor suppressor genes. At the same time, it may also lead to the expression of genes involved in oncogenes and tumor metastasis. S-adenosylmethionine (SAM, AdoMet) is a methyl group donor and is considered to be a demethylation inhibitor that may reverse hypomethylation-induced oncogene expression. SAM has a significant therapeutic effect on many diseases in humans. Therefore, the significance of S-adenosylmethionine in the treatment of advanced cancer is proposed.