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电力短缺已经成为制约我国经济发展的瓶颈,阐明电力消费与经济发展之间的相关机理及变化趋势对于科学制定国家能源战略,建设节约型社会,实现国民经济的可持续发展具有十分重要的现实意义。本文依据1985—2007年的统计数据,分析了我国电力消费强度的变化趋势,并提出了结构份额和效率份额的计算方法,对我国电力消费强度变化中的结构份额和效率份额进行了定量分析,结果表明:1985—2007年间,我国电力消费强度下降的主要动力来自于各产业电力使用效率的提供,其中工业电力消费强度的下降是总体电力消费强度下降的主要原因。
The shortage of power has become the bottleneck restricting the economic development of our country. It is very important to clarify the related mechanism and the changing trend between the power consumption and economic development for the scientific formulation of the national energy strategy, the construction of a conservation-oriented society and the sustainable development of the national economy . Based on the statistical data from 1985 to 2007, this paper analyzes the trend of power consumption intensity in China, and puts forward the calculation method of structure share and efficiency share, and quantitatively analyzes the structure share and efficiency share in the change of power consumption intensity in our country. The results show that during 1985-2007, the main driving force for the decline of China’s electricity consumption intensity came from the supply of electricity use efficiency in various industries. The decrease of industrial electricity consumption intensity was the main reason for the decrease of overall electricity consumption intensity.