费多尔·索洛古勃以其独特的象征主义诗艺为世人瞩目,但他作为才艺高超的象征主义小说家,却少有人提及。索洛古勃与契诃夫,一为象征主义作家,一为现实主义作家,面对人性问题作出了不同的诠释。本文通过对文本《卑劣的小鬼》和《套中人》的比较分析,从“小人物”形象的变异、主人公不同的悲剧性质以及文体风格的衍变等三个层面揭示了人的存在悲剧。 Fethul Sologueb has attracted worldwide attention for his unique symbolism poetic art, but as a symbolist novelist with superb talent, few people mentioned it. Solowgur and Chekhov, a symbolist writer, a realist writer, made a different interpretation of the human nature. This article reveals the tragedies of human existence from the three aspects of the different meanings of the “little characters”, the different tragedies of the protagonists, and the change of stylistic style.