牛首山,南京城南的一片净土,早在晋元帝定都建康时就已受到关注。史载,司马睿初廵牛首山,见二峰威严屹立,大喜曰:此乃天之双阙也,显我皇威!史称为“清初四大画僧”之一的髡残(1612—1692),正是于彼时此地成就了他非凡的艺术人生。髡残生于常德,生日恰值四月初八,喜逢佛诞日,家人信其佛缘深厚,而这位刘姓俗子20多岁就已皈依佛门了。顺治十一年(1654年)以后,他到南京长干寺校经,竟而开启了他的艺术旅程。据其好友、桐城名士钱澄之《髡残石溪小传》称,四十多岁的髡残常与之议论,而往往又即兴挥毫,“作山水人物脱尽常蹊……自成其画,亦自成其禅也。”髡残的绘画作品也大多岀现于其后的十余年间,稀世而珍贵。其间,他结识了一批重要的朋友,如顾炎武、程正揆、方以智、周亮工、钱谦益等,不乏文坛巨子、画坛高人。 Cattle first mountain, south of Nanjing, a Pure Land, as early as the Jin Emperor Jinjian have been given attention. History contained, Sima Rui Niu Shou first mountain, see the second majestic majestic towering, said: this is the sky of the double Que also, I was the emperor! History as “one of the four major monks in the early Qing (1612-1692). It was exactly here that his extraordinary artistic life was accomplished.髡 residue was born in Changde, birthday coincides with the eighth day of April, like every Christmas day, the family believe in its deep edge of Buddhism, and the surname Liu surnamed Buddhism had already converted to the 20s. After Shunzhi eleven years (1654), he went to Nanjing Changgan Temple School, actually opened his art journey. According to his good friend, Tongcheng celebrity Qian Cheng’s ”Biography of the residual stone stream,“ said the more than 40-year-old 髡 residue often talked about, but often improvise, ”as the landscape character off the usual way ... Painting is also its own Zen. “” Most of the paintings are still rare and precious in more than a decade. In the meantime, he met a group of important friends, such as Gu Yanwu, Cheng Zhengyi, Fang Yizhi, Zhou Liangong, Qian Qianyi, and many others.