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目的分析青岛市2008-2012年学校及托幼机构流行性腮腺炎流行病学特征,为制定预防控制策略提供依据。方法对青岛市2008-2012年学校及托幼机构的流行性腮腺炎病例进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2008-2012年青岛市学校及托幼机构共报告流行性腮腺炎病例5 575例,年均发病率为69.79/10万。发病主要集中在冬春季,占65.29%;市区年均发病率(138.25/10万)高于郊区(61.73/10万)和城乡结合部(33.78/10万);病例主要发生在小学组,占病例总数的43.09%;发病率最高的群体为小学生,其余依次为托幼儿童、中学生和大学生。结论腮腺炎易在学校和托幼机构中传播流行,建议适龄儿童采用含腮腺炎成分疫苗的两剂次接种程序,以巩固免疫屏障;同时应加强腮腺炎疫情的监测,避免病例扩散。
Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of mumps in schools and nurseries in Qingdao from 2008 to 2012 and provide evidence for the development of prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis of mumps in schools and nurseries in Qingdao from 2008 to 2012 was conducted. Results A total of 5 575 mumps cases were reported from schools and kindergartens in Qingdao from 2008 to 2012 with an average annual incidence of 69.79 / 100 000. The incidence was mainly in winter and spring, accounting for 65.29%. The average annual incidence rate of urban area was 138.25 / 100,000, higher than that of suburbs (61.73 / 100000) and urban-rural area (33.78 / 100000). The cases mainly occurred in primary school, Accounting for 43.09% of the total number of cases; the group with the highest incidence was primary school students, followed by kindergarten children, middle school students and college students. Conclusions Mumps is easy to spread in schools and nurseries. It is recommended that school-age children adopt the two-dose vaccination program with mumps ingredient vaccine in order to consolidate the immune barrier. At the same time, mumps epidemics should be monitored to prevent the spread of cases.