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Objective Close homolog of L1 (also known as neural cell adhesion molecule L1-like protein, CHL1) is a cell adhesion molecule which plays an important role in organism repair of damage.In recent years there has been evidence of the relation between CHL1 and nervous system damage.But the role of CHL1 protein in hypoxia injury has not been reported.The present study is to explore the impact of CHL 1 deficiency on the tolerance of mice to acute hypoxia and the Phenotype and Protein Expression of Mouse Carotid Body.Methods The hypoxia toleration of CHL1+/+ and CHL1-/-mice was evaluated by survival time in a normobaric hypoxia chamber.Western blot assays were used for measurement of protein expression in carotid body.Immunohistochemistry and Immunofluorescence staining were used for showing morphological structure of carotid body.Results (1) CHL1 gene deletion increases tolerance to acute hypoxia in the mouse.(2) The total volume, number of TH+ cells and TH protein expression are increased in CHL1-/-carotid body.Conclusion CHL1 gene deficiency of mice could change the morphology and function of carotid body, which could explain the enhanced tolerance of CHL1-/-mice to hypoxia.