Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most lethal malignances.Identification of biomarkers for early diagnosis of PC is a key imperative.MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to be valuable biomarkers in the context of several cancers.Exosomes refer to vesicles released by the tumor cells at the early stage of disease.Thus,detection of miRNA in exosomes can be used as a potential biomarker for PC.In this study,we profiled serum levels of miRNAs in patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) and PC;the role of miR-23b-3p in PC progression was assessed in vitro.Additionally,we assessed,the expression of miR-23b-3p in exosomes isolated from serum samples and assessed the correlation between the expressions of miR-23b-3p and carbohydrate antigen19-9 (CA19-9).Three serum samples each were randomly selected from healthy controls (n=20),and patients with CP (n=18) and PC (n=16) for miRNA microarray profiling.The dysregulated miRNAs were confirmed using qRT-PCR.Four dysregulated miRNAs common to patients with CP and PC were identified on miRNA microarray analysis and confirmed by qRT-PCR.miR-23b-3p level was consistently higher in serum samples from PC patients as compared to those from healthy controls and CP patients (p<0.05).Overexpression of miR-23b-3p promoted proliferation,migration,and invasion capability of PC cells in vitro (p<0.05).Furthermore,miR-23b-3p was upregulated in exosomes of PC serum samples and the supernatant of pancreatic cancer cells (PANC-1) cells,and the expression levels of miR-23b-3p were associated with those of serum CA19-9 levels.This study provides insights into the potential role of miR-23b-3p as a novel biomarker and target for treatment of PC.