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目的了解济南市2012年居民恶性肿瘤死亡情况及其影响因素和变化趋势。方法死亡数据来源于济南市人口死亡信息登记管理系统,人口资料来源于济南市统计局和济南市公安局年度报表。死亡原因采用国际疾病分类标准ICD-10进行编码,对2012年济南市居民恶性肿瘤死亡数据进行分析。结果济南市居民2012年恶性肿瘤粗死亡率为142.78/10万,标化死亡率为104.48/10万,在全死因的构成比为24.70%;死亡率居前5位的恶性肿瘤依次是肺癌、胃癌、肝癌、食管癌和结直肠癌,占恶性肿瘤死亡总数的69.65%;死亡率随着年龄增长呈上升趋势,50岁之后明显增加。男/女性恶性肿瘤标化死亡率比为1.80。各年龄组恶性肿瘤死亡原因不同,白血病是少年儿童组恶性肿瘤死亡的第1位,占该年龄组恶性肿瘤死亡的40.00%。肝癌是青壮年组恶性肿瘤死亡的第1位,占该年龄组恶性肿瘤死亡的14.74%。肺癌为中、老年组恶性肿瘤死亡的第1位,分别占各自年龄组恶性肿瘤死亡的21.36%和27.28%。结论肺癌、胃癌、肝癌、食管癌、结直肠癌是威胁济南市居民健康的主要恶性肿瘤,为今后恶性肿瘤的防控重点,50岁以上为重点防控人群。
Objective To understand the 2012 deaths of malignant tumors in Jinan City and its influencing factors and trends. Methods The data of death come from Ji’nan population registration system of death information. The population data come from Jinan Municipal Bureau of Statistics and Jinan Public Security Bureau Annual Report. The causes of death were coded according to International Classification of Diseases ICD-10, and the data of death from malignant tumors in 2012 in Jinan City were analyzed. Results In 2012, the crude death rate of malignant tumors in Jinan was 142.78 / 100000, the standardized death rate was 104.48 / 100000, the constituent ratio in all causes was 24.70%; the top 5 deaths in malignancy were lung cancer, Gastric cancer, liver cancer, esophageal cancer and colorectal cancer, accounting for 69.65% of the total number of deaths from malignant tumors; the mortality rate increased with age and increased significantly after the age of 50 years. Male / female malignant tumor standardized mortality ratio of 1.80. Leukemia is the first cause of death of malignant tumors in children and adolescents, accounting for 40.00% of the deaths of malignancies in this age group. Liver cancer is the first death of malignant tumors in young adults, accounting for 14.74% of the deaths of malignant tumors in this age group. Lung cancer is the No. 1 malignant tumor in the middle-aged and elderly groups, accounting for 21.36% and 27.28% of the malignant tumors in their respective age groups. Conclusions Lung cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, esophageal cancer and colorectal cancer are the major malignant tumors that threaten the health of residents in Jinan City. They are the focus of prevention and control of malignant tumors in the future. Those over 50 years old are the key prevention and control people.