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近十年来，生物技术，尤其是高等植物的组织培养及分子生物学，取得了长足的进步．花药培养、胚胎拯救（ｅｍｂｒｙｏｒｅｓｕｅ）、原生质体融合、分子标记和ＤＮＡ转化等的技术，为杂交水稻的进一步发展提供巨大的潜力。各方面的进展包括：籼、粳稻的原生质体培养均获得再生植株；应用原生质体融合技术，培育了胞质杂种（ｃｙｔｏｐｌａｓｍｉｃ，ｃｙｂｒｉｄｓ），并应用该技术把胞质雄性不育性（ｃｙｔｏｐｌａｍｉｃｍａｌｅｓｔｅｒｉｌｉｔｒ，ＣＭＳ）转入了优良的品系中；构建了一个限制性片段长度多态性的饱和图谱；培育了转基因水稻；实现了野生稻的抗白叶枯病、稻瘟病及褐飞虱的抗性基因的栽培品种的转移。育成了一个新的胞质不育系ＩＲ６６７０７Ａ。无融合生殖的利用，则可能实现永久地固定杂种优势、培育不分离的杂交品种，从而省却年年制种的麻烦。胚胎拯救和原生质体融合技术有望用于将近缘的野生种属的无融生因基因转入水稻的实践中。人工种子的生产是不需制种的利用杂种优势的另一途径。体细胞胚胎发生则为人工种子的生产提供潜能。但目前水稻人工种子技术尚在摇篮中。分子标记将使鉴别与杂种优势有关的基因成为可能。用分子标记标志广亲和性、温度敏感雄性不育性、育性恢复及无融?
In the past ten years, tremendous progress has been made in the tissue culture and molecular biology of biotechnology, especially higher plants. Anther culture, embryoresue, protoplast fusion, molecular markers and DNA transformation provide tremendous potential for the further development of hybrid rice. Advances in various fields include: regenerating plants from both protoplasts of indica and japonica; cytoplasmic (cybrid) hybrids were obtained by protoplast fusion technique and cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) ) Into excellent lines; constructing a saturation map of restriction fragment length polymorphism; cultivating transgenic rice; cultivating the resistant varieties of the resistance to bacterial blight, rice blast and brown planthopper of wild rice The transfer. Bred into a new cytoplasmic male sterile line IR66707A. The use of apomixes may result in the permanent fixation of heterosis and the development of non-segregating hybrids, thereby eliminating the need for annual seed production. Embryo rescue and protoplast fusion techniques are expected to be used to transfer the near-wild species of anabolic genes into rice practice. The production of artificial seeds is another way to utilize heterosis without seed production. Somatic embryogenesis provides the potential for artificial seed production. However, at present, artificial seeds of rice are still in the cradle. Molecular markers will make it possible to identify genes related to heterosis. Marked by molecular markers of wide compatibility, temperature-sensitive male sterility, fertility restoration and melting?