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研究了由制造商、维修中心和零售商构成的三级逆向供应链模型的定价策略与激励机制。模型扩展了正规维修中心的职能,使其作为回收处理中心参与到逆向供应链中,负责分类处理零售商回收的废旧电子产品,一方面将其中可再利用部分经过维修销售到二级市场中,另一方面将可再制造部分由制造商进行再制造成新产品。应用博弈论得到模型的Stackelberg均衡解和合作机制下的最优解,并设计了线性分成机制和基于不对称Nash协商模型的激励机制。最后,通过数值仿真验证结论并讨论了价格弹性系数和可再制造率。研究结果表明,回收价格和系统收益均与弹性系数成正比,且较高的可再制造率可得到较高的回收价格和收益。该研究对逆向供应链的运营实践具有很好的指导意义和参考价值。
Studied the pricing strategy and incentive mechanism of three-level reverse supply chain model composed of manufacturers, service centers and retailers. The model expands the functions of a regular service center to participate as a recycling center in the reverse supply chain and is responsible for the classification of discarded electronic products recycled by retailers. On the one hand, the reusable part of the model is sold to the secondary market through repairs, On the other hand, the remanufactured parts are remanufactured by the manufacturer into new products. The optimal solutions of the model under Stackelberg equilibrium and the cooperation mechanism are obtained by using game theory, and the linear splitting mechanism and the incentive mechanism based on the asymmetric Nash negotiation model are designed. Finally, the numerical simulation validates the conclusion and discusses the price elasticity of elasticity and reproducibility. The results show that both the recovery price and the system return are directly proportional to the elasticity coefficient, and the higher re-manufacturing rate can get a higher recovery price and revenue. The research has good guiding significance and reference value for the operation of reverse supply chain.