实验性大鼠鼻咽癌的病变观察

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本文对800多例化学致癌物诱发的大鼠鼻咽癌切片材料进行了病理形态学观察,根据化学诱癌过程中病灶的不同特点,其病变可分五种类型:(1)增生.上皮层内细胞数目增加,层次增多,而细胞形态、排列正常;(2)异型增生.除增生病变外,细胞形态、排列极性均不规则,有一定程度的异型性,其增生方式可呈内生型、中间型及外生型;(3)原位癌.病变波及上皮全层,细胞形态和排列异常,但未穿透基底膜;(4)早期浸润癌.癌变细胞呈条索状,花边状及扇形排列并向上皮下组织浸润;(5)浸润癌。大多为分化较好的鳞癌,也有低分化的,其中一例细胞呈泡状核外观,一例细胞呈梭形,类似人鼻咽癌的泡状核细胞癌和梭形细胞癌。文中还根据大鼠鼻咽的解剖组织学特点,讨论了观察病变时应注意的事项。 In this paper, pathomorphological observations of more than 800 cases of chemical carcinogen-induced rat nasopharyngeal carcinoma were performed. According to the different characteristics of lesions in the process of chemical carcinogenesis, the lesions can be divided into five types: (1) hyperplasia. The number of inner cells increases, the number of layers increases, and the cell morphology and arrangement are normal. (2) Abnormal hyperplasia. In addition to proliferative lesions, the cell morphology and arrangement polarity are irregular, and there is a certain degree of heterotypic, and the proliferation pattern can be endogenetic. Type, intermediate type and exogenous type; (3) carcinoma in situ. Lesion spreads to the entire epithelial layer, abnormal cell morphology and arrangement, but does not penetrate the basement membrane; (4) early invasive carcinoma. Cancerous cells are cords, lace Shaped and fan-shaped arrangement and infiltration of subcutaneous tissue; (5) invasive carcinoma. Most of them are well-differentiated squamous cell carcinomas and they are poorly differentiated. Among them, one cell has a vesicular nucleus appearance, and one cell is fusiform, resembling human nasopharyngeal carcinoma, vesicular nucleus cell carcinoma and spindle cell carcinoma. According to the anatomical and histological features of rat nasopharyngeal, the issues that should be noted when observing the lesion are discussed.
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