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[目的]探讨血清中汽油添加剂甲基叔丁基醚(MTBE)及其代谢产物叔丁醇(TBA)对人外周血淋巴细胞彗星尾矩的影响。[方法]以华南地区8家加油站作为研究现场,共抽取加油站从业人员100名作为研究对象进行流行病学横断面调查,各采集外周静脉血样5 mL,分离出血清和淋巴细胞;运用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术测定血清中MTBE及其代谢产物TBA含量(μg/L);运用彗星试验分析样本人群外周血淋巴细胞DNA彗星Olive尾矩。采用单因素和多因素非条件logistic回归分析方法,探讨样本人群外周血淋巴细胞DNA彗星Olive尾矩的主要影响因素。[结果]单因素logistic回归分析显示,血清MTBE含量(μg/L)、血清TBA含量(μg/L)、工种、饮酒情况、烟龄、平均每天吸烟支数及吸烟指数等7因素对外周血淋巴细胞DNA彗星Olive尾矩的影响具有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,血清MTBE和工种2因素最终引入回归方程,其OR值(95%CI)分别为4.155(2.279~7.577)和6.949(1.305~36.990),二者P值<0.05。[结论]MTBE暴露对人外周血淋巴细胞DNA彗星尾矩影响明显,可能具有遗传毒性。
[Objective] To investigate the effect of MTBE and its metabolite tert-butanol (TBA) on the comet’s tail moment in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. [Method] With 8 gas stations in South China as the research site, a total of 100 gas station workers were selected for epidemiological cross-sectional survey. Peripheral venous blood samples were collected for 5 mL and serum and lymphocyte were separated. The content of MTBE and its metabolite TBA in serum (μg / L) was determined by GC-MS. The comet assay was used to analyze the DNA tail Olive tail moment in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Univariate and multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis were used to investigate the main influencing factors on Olive tail moments of peripheral blood lymphocytes in sample population. [Results] The univariate logistic regression analysis showed that the serum MTBE level (μg / L), serum TBA level (μg / L), type of work, alcohol consumption, cigarette age, average daily number of cigarettes and smoking index (P <0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the serum MTBE and the type 2 factors were finally introduced into the regression equation, and the OR values (95% CI) were 4.155 2.279 ~ 7.577) and 6.949 (1.305 ~ 36.990), both P <0.05. [Conclusion] MTBE exposure has a significant effect on the tail moment of DNA in human peripheral blood lymphocytes and may be genotoxic.