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存在主义文学是现代资产阶级反动文学流派之一,也是臭名昭彰的存在主义哲学在文学中的反映。从本文可以看出,这种文学作为正面人物加以描写的,不外是一些杀人犯、精神变态者、淫虐狂者、悲观厌世者等等人类渣滓,这些作品的基调则充满着孤独、绝望、虚无主义和荒唐。这种文学,一方面反映了垂死的资本主义社会中人们的颓废和堕落的精神面貌,另一方面表明了这些作者企图通过文艺形式来宣扬反动的存在主义哲学的中心思想:“个人存在先于任何本质”,借此鼓吹资产阶级极端个人主义,以跟共产主义、集体主义思想相对抗。这种垂死挣扎,当然是徒劳的。本文作者表面上装作“客观”地介绍这些作品,但他却说加缪的《陌生人》“整个作品一点没有否定生活的意味”,又说沙特的作品是“严肃的”,等等,这就暴露了他实际上给存在主义文学捧场的真面目。
Existentialist literature is one of the modern bourgeois reactionary literary genres and a reflection of the infamous existentialist philosophy in literature. It can be seen from this paper that this literature is described as a positive figure, except for some human dregs such as murderers, psychopaths, prostitutes, pessimistic people, etc. The tone of these works is full of loneliness, despair, Nihilism and absurdity. This kind of literature, on the one hand, reflects the decadent and degraded spirit of the people in the dying capitalist society; on the other hand, it shows that these writers attempt to promote the central idea of the reactionary existentialist philosophy by means of literature and art: “personal existence precedes Any essence, ”by which to advocate bourgeois extreme individualism in order to confront communism and collectivism. This dying struggle, of course, is futile. The author superficially introduces them as “objective”, but he says that Camus’s “stranger” “the whole work does not negate the meaning of life at all” and that Saudi works are “serious”, etc. It reveals the true face of existential literature that he actually supports.