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目的探讨咽鼓管通气阻力(VRET)是否随大气压变化而变化,并了解呼气压大于咽鼓管通气阻力的正压呼吸能否预防耳气压伤。方法8名健康男性,咽鼓管通气阻力<6kPa,在海拔28m和1180m高度的大气压条件下,用咽鼓管通气阻力测量仪测量VRET,比较其相对值和绝对值。另在压力舱内做增压试验:每2人一组,互为试验者和对照者。试验组经面罩予以6kPa的呼气正压,对照组正常呼吸。高压舱以0.5kPa/s增压速率增压至5kPa,两组均不进行其他任何主动或被动开放咽鼓管的措施,测鼓室腔压力。以同样速率增压至50kPa,试验组条件不变,对照组可进行主动或被动开放咽鼓管的措施,测鼓室压。结果在海拔28m,测量的VRET相对值是3.7kPa(27.75mmHg);在1180m高度,测量的VRET相对值是3.8kPa(28.50mmHg)。经t检验,两地高度VRET的相对值差异无显著性意义,高压舱增压至5kPa时,试验组和对照组鼓室压差值162.1±75.4daPa(P<0.01)。增压至50kPa时,试验组和对照组鼓室压差值2.86±6.19daPa(P>0.05)。结论当人体的环境气压发生变化时,VRET相对值无显著变化。经面罩提供大于VRET的压力,可以使咽鼓管被动开放,预防耳气压伤。
Objective To investigate whether the eustachian tube ventilation resistance (VRET) changes with the change of atmospheric pressure and whether the positive pressure respiration with exhalation pressure greater than that of eustachian tube ventilation can prevent the ear pressure injury. Methods Totally 8 healthy male patients with Eustachian tube ventilation resistance <6kPa were measured by Eustachian tube ventilation resistance meter at the atmospheric pressure of 28m and 1180m above sea level. The relative and absolute values were compared. The other in the pressure tank to do booster test: a group of 2 people each other and control subjects. The test group was given a mask of 6kPa expiratory pressure, the control group normal breathing. The hyperbaric chamber was pressurized to a pressure of 5 kPa at a supercharging rate of 0.5 kPa / s. No other active or passive opening of the eustachian tube was performed in either group, and the chamber pressure was measured. The same rate of pressurization to 50kPa, the experimental group conditions unchanged, the control group can be active or passive open eustachian tube measures typhoon pressure. Results At a height of 28 m, the relative value of the measured VRET was 3.7 kPa (27.75 mmHg); at 1180 m, the relative value of the measured VRET was 3.8 kPa (28.50 mmHg). There was no significant difference in the relative value of VRET between the two places by t-test. The pressure difference between the two groups was 162.1 ± 75.4daPa (P <0.01) when the hyperbaric chamber was pressurized to 5kPa. When the pressure was increased to 50kPa, the tympanic pressure difference between test group and control group was 2.86 ± 6.19daPa (P> 0.05). Conclusion When the atmospheric pressure of human body changes, the relative value of VRET has no significant change. The mask to provide greater than VRET pressure, you can make the Eustachian tube passive open, to prevent ear pressure injury.