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在物理实验教学中,存在着由各种原因引起的实验假象.分析这些假象形成的原因,及时防止由此造成的不良影响,对于建立正确的物理图景是十分重要的. 1 特殊值实验造成的假象 有时为了获得较大的实验可见度,为了增加观察者的兴趣,需要强调或突出某一特殊条件下的实验现象.这些实验往往能给学生留下深刻的印象,但也有可能使学生将特殊当一般,形成实验假象.
In physics experiment teaching, there are experimental illusions caused by various reasons. Analyzing the causes of these illusions and preventing the resulting adverse effects in time are very important for establishing a correct physical picture. 1 Special values caused by experiments Artifacts are sometimes used to gain greater experimental visibility. In order to increase the interest of observers, it is necessary to emphasize or highlight experimental phenomena under certain special conditions. These experiments can often leave a deep impression on students, but it is also possible for students to specialize. In general, an experimental artifact is formed.