在混凝土结构的试验研究、加固改造、质量鉴定和事故分析中,为获取处理问题的直接依据,常常需要准确判定构件的实际内力。通过在构件纵筋的外露面上钻小孔及扩孔、测定钢筋应变增量,本文提出了简便、实用的求解构件中钢筋、混凝土实际应力及构件实际轴力与弯矩的新方法。 In the experimental research, reinforcement and reconstruction, quality appraisal and accident analysis of concrete structures, it is often necessary to accurately determine the actual internal force of the component in order to obtain a direct basis for handling the problem. A new method to solve the real stress of steel bar and concrete and the actual axial force and bending moment of the member is proposed in this paper by means of drilling the small hole and expanding the hole in the exposed face of the longitudinal bar.