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在中学化学实验教学中,制备乙炔的方法存在下列问题:一是利用饱和食盐水代替水和电石反应,以减缓反应速率,但还是难以得到平稳持续的气流,前后实验时难免手忙脚乱,造成气体利用不充分;二是反应伴生的硫化氢、磷化氢等副产物,会干扰乙炔的性质实验,污染环境;三是因反应放热,有大量糊状泡沫产生,实验存在安全隐患。为了克服以上缺点,让师生方便、安全、高效地做好实验,笔者对该实验进行了创新设计。
In the middle school chemistry experiment teaching, the following problems exist in the preparation of acetylene: First, the use of saturated salt water instead of water and calcium carbide reaction to slow the reaction rate, but still difficult to get a smooth and steady flow, before and after the experiment is inevitable rush, resulting in gas utilization Not enough; second reaction associated with hydrogen sulfide, phosphine and other by-products, will interfere with the nature of acetylene experiments, pollute the environment; third is due to the reaction heat, there are a lot of paste-like foam, the experiment there is a security risk. In order to overcome the above shortcomings, teachers and students can do the experiment conveniently, safely and efficiently. The author has carried on the innovative design to the experiment.