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会用刻度尺测量长度是科学实验的基本技能,也是使用其他测量仪器进行正确读数的基础。目前,《义务教育课程标准实验教科书·物理》中关于使用刻度尺测量物体长度一部分,要求学生读出分度值的下一位数字,并且知道测量结果的最后一位数字是估读值,而不是准确值。但这一要求对于初中生是否必要,值得我们研究一番。第一,正是由于这一具体要求,学生在进行测量时,如果遇到物体长度正好与刻度尺的某一刻线对齐的情况,在记录测量结果时,就必须在测量数字的后面加零。比如用最小分度是毫米的刻度尺测量,如果测量某物体的长度正好是35毫米,则测量结果必须写做35.0毫米。而学生由于缺乏对有效数字的认识,往往对这种写法不理解,不习惯。
Measuring the length with a scale is a basic skill in scientific experiments and the basis for the correct readings using other measuring instruments. At present, Compulsory Education Curriculum Standard Experimental Textbook Physics is about using the scale to measure part of the object length, asking the student to read out the next digit of the division value and knowing that the last digit of the measurement result is an estimate, Not exact value. However, whether this requirement is necessary for junior high school students deserves our study. First, it is precisely because of this specific requirement that students measuring the length of an object exactly aligned with a graduated scale line must add zero to the measurement number when recording the measurement result. For example, with the smallest graduation is millimeter scale measurement, if the length of an object measured is exactly 35 mm, the measurement results must be written as 35.0 mm. However, students often do not understand this kind of wording and are not used to it because of the lack of understanding of the effective figures.