随着医学遗传学的发展,为许多疾病的病因诊断和治疗开拓了新途径。目前已知与遗传有关的疾病和性状已超过2800种,其中与肾脏有关的在100种以上,为肾脏疾病的研究开阔了眼界。泌尿生殖器畸形是身体各部先天畸形中病发数最高的。遗传性肾脏疾病所致肾衰在全部肾衰病人中所占比率尚无确切统计,但是Steele在研究家族性幼年性慢性肾病时 With the development of medical genetics, it has opened up new avenues for the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. Currently, there are more than 2,800 diseases and traits known to be related to heredity, of which more than 100 are related to the kidneys, which broadens the field of research on kidney diseases. Genitourinary deformity is the highest incidence of congenital malformations in various parts of the body. Hereditary kidney disease caused by renal failure in the proportion of all patients with renal failure has no exact statistics, but Steele in the study of familial juvenile chronic kidney disease