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动物机体的细胞内、外液中,Na~+、K~+浓度有显著差别。以神经细胞为例:安静状态下,膜内K~+浓度高于膜外约30倍,膜外Na~+浓度高于膜内约12倍。这一浓度差是产生静息电位的基础。采用微电极技术可测量出各种细胞安静时细胞膜内外的电位差即静息电位,约在-10～-100毫伏之间。
There were significant differences in the concentration of Na ~ + and K ~ + in the intracellular and extracellular fluids of animal body. Taking nerve cells as an example: in a quiescent state, the concentration of K ~ + in the membrane is about 30 times higher than that outside the membrane, and the concentration of Na ~ + in the membrane is about 12 times higher than that in the membrane. This concentration difference is the basis of the resting potential. Microelectrode technology can be used to measure the potential difference between the inside and outside of the cell membrane when the various cells are quiet, that is, the resting potential is about -10 to -100 millivolts.