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目的基于社会认知理论,在浦东新区建筑工地外来男工中,开展健康行为干预并评价其对安全性行为的干预效果。方法用整群抽样的方法,在上海市浦东新区三个建筑工地随机抽取413名外来建筑男工,随机分为干预组和对照组。干预前和干预后3个月,对所有研究对象进行问卷调查,比较干预前后两组间的社会认知因素的改变情况,评估干预效果。结果干预后,干预组(205人)的艾滋病预防的认知得分均分由7.22分提高到12.44分(P<0.01),安全套使用的自我效能得分均分由18.31分提高到19.64分(P<0.01),安全套使用的策略和技巧得分均分由14.94分提高到17.96分(P<0.01);对照组(208人)在各个社会认知因素及安全性行为方面无明显改变(P>0.05)。结论基于社会认知理论的健康行为干预,提高了目标人群的艾滋病相关认知,提升了安全套使用的自我效能和技巧策略,对研究对象的安全性行为采纳起到了推动作用。
Objective Based on the theory of social cognition, we conducted interventions on health behaviors among migrant workers at construction sites in Pudong New Area and evaluated their intervention effects on safety behaviors. Methods A total of 413 male migrant workers were randomly selected from three construction sites in Pudong New Area, Shanghai, and randomly divided into intervention group and control group. Before intervention and 3 months after intervention, all subjects were investigated by questionnaire, comparing the change of social cognition between the two groups before and after intervention, and evaluating the effect of intervention. Results After intervention, the cognitive score of HIV / AIDS prevention in the intervention group increased from 7.22 to 12.44 (P <0.01), and the self-efficacy score of condom use increased from 18.31 to 19.64 (P < 0.01). The score of strategy and skill in condom use increased from 14.94 to 17.96 (P <0.01), while the control group (208) showed no significant change in social cognition and safety behaviors (P> 0.05) . Conclusions Health behavior intervention based on social cognition theory can improve AIDS-related cognition of target population, enhance self-efficacy and tactics of condom use, and promote the adoption of safety behaviors of the study participants.