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我国医药工业在加入WTO之后受到的冲击,可能没有一般理论分析所预期的那样大。主要原因是开放程度较高和市场竞争的锻炼使医药工业企业具备了较强的国际竞争力,同时外资企业对进口药品将起较大的抵制作用。这种情况突出地表现在被人们认为国际差距较大的化学药品制剂行业。与此相反的是,一般认为具有比较优势的中药制药工业却面临着新的挑战。以往市场保护度较高的医疗器械工业在加入WTO之后也会受到较大的冲击。研究表明,外资企业的迅速发展对我国医药工业增强国际竞争力起了重要的作用,而受进口产品冲击较小的行业,受外资企业的影响则相应较大。
The impact of the pharmaceutical industry in China after its accession to the WTO may not be as large as expected from the general theoretical analysis. The main reason is that the higher degree of openness and the exercise of market competition have enabled pharmaceutical industry companies to have strong international competitiveness, while foreign-funded enterprises will have greater resistance to imported drugs. This situation is prominently manifested in the chemical formulation industry that is considered to have a wide international disparity. In contrast, traditional Chinese medicine and pharmaceutical industries, which generally have a comparative advantage, are facing new challenges. In the past, the medical device industry with a high degree of market protection will also suffer a greater impact after joining the WTO. Research shows that the rapid development of foreign-funded enterprises has played an important role in strengthening the international competitiveness of China’s pharmaceutical industry, while the industries that are less affected by imported products are affected by foreign-funded enterprises.