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目的探讨贵州省神经管畸形(NTDs)高发的危险因素,揭示多因素在NTDs发生中的作用。方法采用1∶1匹配的病例对照研究,对63例神经管缺陷患儿的母亲和63例正常儿的母亲进行问卷调查和血样检查,采用PCR-RFLP方法检测脂肪酸结合蛋白2基因(FABP2)A54T、脂联素基因(APM1)T45G和解偶联蛋白2基因(UCP2)A55V的多态性。运用SPSS 16.0软件进行单因素和多因素统计分析。结果单因素分析发现,FABP2A54T基因型频率分布在病例组和对照组中的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),APM1 T45G基因型和UCP2 A55V基因型频率分布在两组间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);多因素条件Logistic回归分析结果显示,妊娠剧吐(OR=3.56,95%CI:1.17～10.87)、被动吸烟(OR=3.36,95%CI:1.17～9.71)、食用发芽土豆(OR=5.80,95%CI:1.17～28.78)和FABP2 A54T基因多态性(OR=2.41,95%CI:1.13～5.12)为NTDs的危险因素。结论FABP2 A54T基因多态性、母亲妊娠剧吐史、食用发芽土豆和被动吸烟可能是影响贵州省NTDs发生的主要危险因素。
Objective To explore the risk factors for the high incidence of neural tube defects (NTDs) in Guizhou Province and to reveal the role of multiple factors in the pathogenesis of NTDs. Methods A 1: 1 matching case-control study was conducted. The mothers of 63 children with neural tube defects and 63 normal children were surveyed by questionnaire and blood samples. The FABP2 A54T , Polymorphisms of adiponectin gene (APM1) T45G and uncoupling protein 2 gene (UCP2) A55V. Using SPSS 16.0 software for univariate and multivariate statistical analysis. Results Univariate analysis showed that there was significant difference in the frequency distribution of FABP2A54T genotype between the case group and the control group (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the frequency distribution of the AP45 T45G genotype and UCP2 A55V genotype between the two groups (OR = 3.56, 95% CI: 1.17-10.87), passive smoking (OR = 3.36, 95% CI: 1.17-9.71), consumption The risk factors of NTDs were sprouting potato (OR = 5.80, 95% CI: 1.17-28.78) and FABP2 A54T gene polymorphism (OR = 2.41,95% CI: 1.13-5.12). Conclusions FABP2 A54T gene polymorphism, maternal history of hyperemesis gravidarum, consumption of sprouted potatoes and passive smoking may be the main risk factors for the occurrence of NTDs in Guizhou Province.