“历史有什么用?”索绕于年鉴学派创始人之一的马克·布洛赫头脑中的这一问题,今天又困扰着大多数史学研究者的思想。由于对意识形态的高度依附,自建国以来历史学几度大红大紫,“文革”中甚至还曾占据了意识形态的中心位置,其后终于绚烂至极归于平淡。正当“流水落花春去也,天上人间”的滋味盘踞了一些史学研究者的心头的时候,由经 “What’s the use of history?” The question in the minds of Mark Bloch, one of the founders of the Yearbook School, today haunted most historians. Because of its high dependence on ideology, historiography has been quite different since the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Even during the Cultural Revolution, it even occupied the central position of ideology and finally became gorgeous at best. Just as “the flow of spring flowers also, the world of heaven,” the taste of entrenched some of the history of researchers in mind,