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反意疑问句是中学英语重点语法之一,也是高考必考内容,所以中学教师必须让中学生掌握好此语法的应用,为了便于高考,本人将反意疑问句的用法归纳如下。
反意疑问句的结构通常是:陈述句+附加疑问句。前面的陈述句讲述事实,后面的附加疑问句提出问题,并要求对方证实前述事实。若认为事实是肯定的,则用yes回答;若认为是否定的,则用no回答。
附加疑问句的结构非常简单,其结构如下:Be/have/助动词/情态动词+代词(主语)?附加疑问句中的动词部分应与前面陈述句中的动词一致。陈述句若是肯定句,则附加疑问句用否定式;陈述句若是否定句,则附加疑问句用肯定式。例如:You are a pop star,are't you?Yes,I am.(No.I am not.)但是反意疑问句还有一些特殊用法,列举如下:
祈使句的反意疑问句,一般用will you 或won't you.例如:Don't smoke in the meeting room,will you?(不要在会议室里吸烟,好吗?)Be sure to write to us,will you?(一定要给我们写信,好吗?)
Let开头的反意疑问句。例如:Let's have a cup of coffee,shall we?(我们喝杯咖啡,好吗?)Let me do this exercise by myself,will you/may I?(让我独自做这练习,可以吗?)Let us go out,will you?(我们到外边去,可以吗?)
第一人称的反意疑问句。例如:I'm in the hospital,aren't I?(我在医院里,不是吗?)I wish to see them at once,may I?(我希望立刻看到他们,可以吗?)
动词think、suppose、believe、except、imagine等词带有宾语从句,而主句的主语是第一人称时,疑问部分和宾语从句的主谓语保持一致。例如:I don't think that you care for that colour,do you?(我认为你不喜欢这颜色,是吧?)I suppose he will come here today, won't he?(我想他今天回来这儿,是吗?)
如果主句的主语为第二、三人称时,疑问部分和主句的主语和谓语保持一致。
例如:Mei Hong doesn't believe that it is a good idea to buy the bigger computer,does he?You don't think I am wrong,do you?
主语是this、that、something、everything、nothing时,反意疑问句的主语用it。例如:Everything is good ,isn't it?Nothing could make him give in,could it?
主语是everyone、everybody、nobody、someone、somebody、these、those等时,反意疑问句的主语用they。例如:Someone is Knocking at the door,aren't they?These are my books,aren't they?
句子中有否定意义的词,如:no、no one、nobody、nothing、few、little、never、hardly、neither、seldom、nor、none of等时,疑问部分用肯定形式。
有too...to词组的句子,疑问部分用肯定形式。例如:He is too young to go to school,is he?
There be 句型的反意疑问句。例如:There is a book on the desk,isn't there?There used to be a tree here,usedn't there/didn't there?
句中含有must、can表示猜测时的反意疑问句,疑问部分应与can、must后动词所表示的时间一致。例如:He must have waited for a long time,hasn't he?She must be at home,isn't she?You must have seen the film last night,didn't you?
强调句的反意疑问部分主语用it。例如:It is the first time that she has been to TianJin,isn't it?
不定式(短语)、ing分词(短语)、主语从句作主语时,反意疑问句的主语也用it。例如:Walking on the moon is difficult,isn't it?It's not easy to learn a foreign language well,is it?
反意疑问句的结构通常是:陈述句+附加疑问句。前面的陈述句讲述事实,后面的附加疑问句提出问题,并要求对方证实前述事实。若认为事实是肯定的,则用yes回答;若认为是否定的,则用no回答。
附加疑问句的结构非常简单,其结构如下:Be/have/助动词/情态动词+代词(主语)?附加疑问句中的动词部分应与前面陈述句中的动词一致。陈述句若是肯定句,则附加疑问句用否定式;陈述句若是否定句,则附加疑问句用肯定式。例如:You are a pop star,are't you?Yes,I am.(No.I am not.)但是反意疑问句还有一些特殊用法,列举如下:
祈使句的反意疑问句,一般用will you 或won't you.例如:Don't smoke in the meeting room,will you?(不要在会议室里吸烟,好吗?)Be sure to write to us,will you?(一定要给我们写信,好吗?)
Let开头的反意疑问句。例如:Let's have a cup of coffee,shall we?(我们喝杯咖啡,好吗?)Let me do this exercise by myself,will you/may I?(让我独自做这练习,可以吗?)Let us go out,will you?(我们到外边去,可以吗?)
第一人称的反意疑问句。例如:I'm in the hospital,aren't I?(我在医院里,不是吗?)I wish to see them at once,may I?(我希望立刻看到他们,可以吗?)
动词think、suppose、believe、except、imagine等词带有宾语从句,而主句的主语是第一人称时,疑问部分和宾语从句的主谓语保持一致。例如:I don't think that you care for that colour,do you?(我认为你不喜欢这颜色,是吧?)I suppose he will come here today, won't he?(我想他今天回来这儿,是吗?)
如果主句的主语为第二、三人称时,疑问部分和主句的主语和谓语保持一致。
例如:Mei Hong doesn't believe that it is a good idea to buy the bigger computer,does he?You don't think I am wrong,do you?
主语是this、that、something、everything、nothing时,反意疑问句的主语用it。例如:Everything is good ,isn't it?Nothing could make him give in,could it?
主语是everyone、everybody、nobody、someone、somebody、these、those等时,反意疑问句的主语用they。例如:Someone is Knocking at the door,aren't they?These are my books,aren't they?
句子中有否定意义的词,如:no、no one、nobody、nothing、few、little、never、hardly、neither、seldom、nor、none of等时,疑问部分用肯定形式。
有too...to词组的句子,疑问部分用肯定形式。例如:He is too young to go to school,is he?
There be 句型的反意疑问句。例如:There is a book on the desk,isn't there?There used to be a tree here,usedn't there/didn't there?
句中含有must、can表示猜测时的反意疑问句,疑问部分应与can、must后动词所表示的时间一致。例如:He must have waited for a long time,hasn't he?She must be at home,isn't she?You must have seen the film last night,didn't you?
强调句的反意疑问部分主语用it。例如:It is the first time that she has been to TianJin,isn't it?
不定式(短语)、ing分词(短语)、主语从句作主语时,反意疑问句的主语也用it。例如:Walking on the moon is difficult,isn't it?It's not easy to learn a foreign language well,is it?