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目的了解晚期早产儿各种合并症发生率,探讨晚期早产儿的临床特点,为建立有效的临床防治方案提供依据。方法选取2012年6月-2015年3月体重在1 000~2 500 g的无感染新生儿及健康足月儿共200例,根据出生时胎龄将晚期早产儿(34~36+6周)100例作为观察组;足月儿(37~41+6周)100例作为对照组。动态观察3~4周,并在出院后1个月进行随访,观察两组患儿呼吸系统并发症、晚发型败血症、病理性黄疸、贫血、颅内出血、低血糖症、动脉导管未闭、喂养不耐受等合并症的发生率、死亡率及再入院率的差异。结果晚期早产儿呼吸系统并发症发生率22.0%、晚发型败血症发生率11.0%、颅内出血发生率9.0%、动脉导管未闭发生率18.0%、病理性黄疸发生率43.0%、贫血发生率13.0%、低血糖症发生率28%、喂养不耐受发生率7.0%、再入院率10.0%,死亡率1.0%,均高于足月儿(P<0.05)。晚期早产儿的住院时间长于对照组(P<0.05)。结论晚期早产儿各系统发育不成熟,合并症发生率、住院时间、死亡率、再入院率均高于足月儿,需引起广大儿科医师的重视。
Objective To understand the incidence of various comorbidities in advanced preterm infants and to explore the clinical features of preterm infants in late stage so as to provide evidence for establishing effective clinical prevention and treatment plans. Methods A total of 200 uninfected infants and healthy term infants of 1 000-2 500 g in weight from June 2012 to March 2015 were enrolled in this study. According to gestational age at birth, children with advanced preterm infants (34-36 + 6 weeks) 100 cases as observation group; full-term children (37 ~ 41 + 6 weeks) 100 cases as control group. The patients were followed up for 3 to 4 weeks and 1 month after discharge. The complication of respiratory system, late-onset sepsis, pathological jaundice, anemia, intracranial hemorrhage, hypoglycemia, patent ductus arteriosus, feeding Incidence of complications such as intolerance, mortality and rehospitalization differences. Results The incidence of respiratory complications in late preterm infants was 22.0%, late onset sepsis 11.0%, intracranial hemorrhage 9.0%, patent ductus arteriosus 18.0%, pathological jaundice 43.0% and anemia 13.0% , Incidence of hypoglycemia 28%, feeding intolerance 7.0%, readmission 10.0% and mortality 1.0%, all of which were higher than those of term infants (P <0.05). The length of stay in late preterm infants was longer than that in controls (P <0.05). Conclusion The premature infants with advanced systemic diseases are immaturity. The incidence of comorbidities, hospital stay, mortality and readmission rates are all higher than those of full-term infants, which should be paid more attention to by pediatricians.