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介绍了木质纤维素预处理、糖化和发酵工艺的研究现状,预处理工艺中目前以化学法最有优势,生物法速率低、;糖化工艺以生物法最有前景,重在降低成本,化学法污染严重,产物复杂;发酵相对预处理和糖化工艺最为成熟,尤其是六碳糖的发酵,五碳糖发酵较难。叙述了生物质合成气制取燃料乙醇中化学法和生物法的研究进展。目前化学法较成熟,但产物复杂,对生产设备要求高,但生物法因产物单一性较好也非常有前景,难点在于微生物难培养,生产周期长。展望了今后木质纤维素制取燃料乙醇的前景与发展方向。
The current research status of pretreatment, saccharification and fermentation of lignocellulose is introduced. The chemical pretreatment has the most advantages in the chemical method at present, and the biological method has a low rate. The saccharification process has the most promising biological method and focuses on the cost reduction. The chemical method Serious pollution, the product is complex; the relative pretreatment and saccharification process of fermentation is the most mature, especially the fermentation of six-carbon sugar, five-carbon sugar fermentation more difficult. The research progress of chemical and biological methods for producing fuel ethanol from biomass syngas was described. At present, the chemical method is more mature, but the product is complex and requires high production equipment. However, the biological method is also very promising because of the better product unity. The difficulty lies in that the microorganism is difficult to culture and the production period is long. In the future, the prospect and development of fuel ethanol from lignocellulose are prospected.