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论述了给水处理中溴酸根(BrO3-)的健康危害、产生机理、影响因素及其控制和去除方法。采用臭氧氧化处理含溴离子(Br-)水时,会产生以BrO3-为主的臭氧化副产物。BrO3-的生成与Br-初始浓度、臭氧投加量、水温、无机碳浓度、水中天然有机物(NOM)的种类和浓度、以及水的pH值等因素有关。目前研究较多的削减BrO3-生成势的方法包括加酸降低pH值、加羟基自由基(.OH)淬灭剂、加次溴酸/次溴酸根(HOBr/OBr-)抑制剂、加氨(NH3)、加过氧化氢(H2O2)以及多相催化臭氧氧化等。相比较而言,多相催化臭氧氧化方法克服了向水中投加化学试剂的主要缺点,副作用小,具有较好的发展前景。如果BrO3-在水中已经生成,研究较多的BrO3-去除方法包括活性炭吸附-还原法和Fe0/Fe2+化学还原法,但离实际应用尚有距离。
The health hazard, mechanism of production, influential factors and control and removal methods of bromate (BrO3-) in water treatment are discussed. Oxidation of ozone with bromine (Br-) water, will produce BrO3-based ozonation by-products. The formation of BrO3- is related to the initial Br-concentration, ozone dosage, water temperature, inorganic carbon concentration, the type and concentration of NOM, and the pH of water. At present, many methods to reduce BrO3-production potential include adding acid to lower pH, adding hydroxyl free radical (.OH) quencher, adding HOBr / OBr- inhibitor, adding ammonia (NH3), plus hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and heterogeneous catalytic ozone oxidation. In contrast, the heterogeneous catalytic ozone oxidation overcomes the major disadvantages of adding chemical reagents to water with small side effects and good prospects for development. If BrO3- has been generated in water, the more studied BrO3-removal methods include activated carbon adsorption-reduction method and Fe0 / Fe2 + chemical reduction method, but there is still a distance from the practical application.