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纳米是长度单位,原称“毫微米”即10~(-9)米(10亿分之一米)。纳米科学是研究在1～100纳米内原子、分子和其他类型物质的运动和变化的学问。在这一尺度范围内对原子、分子进行操纵和加工,称为纳米技术。20世纪80年代,纳米材料体系开始为科学家所关注,目前已成为跨世纪材料科学研究的热点。2000年2月美国总统克林顿宣布将以4.95亿美元优先实施新的“全美纳米科技计划”(NNI)。美国国家科技委员会为此专门成立了由各部门专家组成的纳米科学工程和技术工作小组(IWGN)。我国科学家对此给予高度关注。两院院士师昌绪提出“我国应进一步加大对纳米科学技术的支持”的建议。本刊现摘要发表,以飨读者。
Nano is the length unit, formerly known as “nanometer” or 10 ~ (-9) meters (1 billionth of a meter). Nanoscience is a science that studies the movement and changes of atoms, molecules and other types of matter in the range of 1 to 100 nanometers. At this scale, atoms and molecules are manipulated and processed, called nanotechnology. In the 1980s, nanomaterials system began to be of concern to scientists, and now it has become a hot spot in cross-century material science research. February 2000 US President Clinton announced that it will give priority to the implementation of the new National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI) for $ 495 million. To this end, the National Science and Technology Commission of the United States has set up a special Nano Science Engineering and Technology Working Group (IWGN) composed of experts from various departments. Our scientists have paid great attention to this. Academician Chang Changxu of both houses put forward the suggestion that “China should further increase its support for nanoscience and technology.” This issue of the digest published to readers.