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目的 :了解长沙市下岗工人的自杀意念及其危险因素 ,为预防下岗工人严重心理问题的出现提供科学依据。方法 :本研究采用自杀意念调查表、症状自评量表 (SCL -90 )、自尊量表 (SES)、特质应对方式量表 (TCQ)、社会支持量表 (SSQ)、生活事件量表 (LES)以及一般资料调查表 ,以整群抽样方法 ,调查长沙市国有亏损企业下岗以及在岗工人 13 44名 ,并通过单因素和多因素Logistic回归模型 ,筛选出自杀意念的主要危险因素。结果 :下岗工人中有近四分之一的人出现自杀意念 ,4 6%的人有详细的自杀计划和方法 ,2 8%有过自杀未遂行为。主效应非条件Logistic回归模型分析揭示自杀意念的主要危险因素是下岗前自杀意念、一般心理健康水平低、消极应对方式、生活事件 ,个人经济收入低、社会支持少、文化程度低。结论 :下岗工人中自杀意念发生率远高于在岗工人 ,也远高于一般人群。因此 ,提高下岗人群的健康水平是当前迫切需要解决的问题
Objective: To understand the suicidal ideation and risk factors of laid-off workers in Changsha and to provide a scientific basis for preventing the emergence of serious psychological problems of laid-off workers. Methods: In this study, the suicide ideation questionnaire, SCL-90, SES, TCQ, SSQ, LES) and general data questionnaire, a total of 1344 laid-off and on-the-job workers in state-owned loss enterprises of Changsha were investigated by cluster sampling method. The main risk factors of suicidal ideation were screened by single factor and multivariate logistic regression models. Results: Nearly a quarter of laid-off workers reported suicidal ideation, 46% reported detailed suicide plans and methods, and 28% had attempted suicide. Analysis of the main effects of non-conditional logistic regression model reveals that the main risk factors of suicidal ideation are pre-job suicidal ideation, low level of general mental health, negative coping style, life events, low personal income, low social support and low educational level. Conclusions: The incidence of suicidal ideation among laid-off workers is much higher than that of laid-off workers and far higher than the general population. Therefore, raising the health level of laid-off people is an urgent problem to be solved