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初三化学第2章[实验2-1]是利用水电解器演示水(为了增强导电性,水中加入少量硫酸或氢氧化钠溶液)在直流电的作用下,电解生成氢气和氧气,且它们的体积比是2:1。这只是理论上的体积比。实际上氢气的体积往往略大于氧气体积的2倍,原因是多方面的。下面对其误差原因作一分析,并提出电解水的最佳条件,以保证产气的体积比接近理论值。
The third chapter of the chemical experiment [Experiment 2-1] uses a water electrolyzer to demonstrate water (in order to enhance conductivity, a small amount of sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide solution is added to the water) to generate hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis under the action of direct current, and their The volume ratio is 2:1. This is only the theoretical volume ratio. In fact, the volume of hydrogen is often slightly larger than 2 times the volume of oxygen. There are many reasons. The following analysis of the cause of the error, and put forward the best conditions for the electrolysis of water, in order to ensure that the gas volume ratio is close to the theoretical value.