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胸腺是发育中哺乳动物的中央免疹器官,它能分泌促进淋巴系统细胞分化和发育韵体液性因子。这些淋巴系统细胞包括淋巴干细胞,比较成熟的淋巴细胞和T细胞亚群。1966年Goldstein首次由小半胸腺中提取了一种具生物活性的物质,命名为胸腺素(Thymosin)。胸腺素是胸腺分泌的若干多肽的总称。一、胸腺素的生物活性胸腺素提取以后,经丙酮和硫酸铵处理,再以凝胶过滤精制纯化。其主要成分为第5组分,由几种多肽组成,其成分和生物活性见表1。胸腺素含有较多的酸性氨基酸,一般占20％左右,酸性氨基酸即谷氨酸和天门冬氨基酸,分子量在900～5600之间。
The thymus is a central, rash-free organ of a developing mammal that secretes and promotes lymphoid cell differentiation and development of body fluids. These lymphoid system cells include lymphoid stem cells, more mature lymphocytes, and T cell subsets. In 1966, Goldstein first extracted a biologically active substance from the small semi-thymus gland and named it Thymosin. Thymosin is a general term for several polypeptides secreted by the thymus. First, the biological activity of thymosin After thymosin extraction, acetone and ammonium sulfate treatment, and then purified by gel filtration. Its main component is the fifth component, which consists of several polypeptides. Its composition and biological activity are shown in Table 1. Thymosin contains more acidic amino acids, generally accounting for about 20%, acidic amino acids namely glutamic acid and aspartic amino acids, molecular weight between 900 and 5600.