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本文通过问卷和访谈调查了兰州理工大学65名非英语专业一年级本科生和57名英语专业三、四年级本科生的英语语用能力,以考察其英语水平对其语用能力的影响。结果表明,不同英语水平学习者之间的语用能力在总体上存在显著性差异,特别在请求和打招呼的言语行为上也存在显著性差异,但在对赞扬语的回应、对邀请的回应、对节日问候的回应、对送礼物的回应、店员向顾客提供帮助、(劝)进餐等言语行为上没有显著性差异。此外,尽管学习者英语水平具有明显差异,但其语用能力的发展有一些共同特征,即对一些常见的言语行为(如对赞扬的回应、对节日问候的回应)掌握比较熟练。但总体来看,学习者英语语用知识匮乏,且有明显的语用迁移倾向。
This paper investigates the English pragmatic competence of 65 first-year non-English major undergraduates and 57 third-year and fourth-year undergraduates of Lanzhou University of Technology by means of questionnaires and interviews to examine the impact of their English proficiency on their pragmatic competence. The results show that there is a significant difference in pragmatic competence among learners at different levels of English. There are also significant differences in verbal behavior between request and greetings. However, Responses to holiday greetings, responses to gifts, clerk assistance to customers, and discouraging meals did not differ significantly. In addition, although there are obvious differences in English proficiency among learners, their development of pragmatic competence has some common features, namely, mastery of some common verbal behaviors (such as responses to compliments and responses to holiday greetings). However, on the whole, learners’ lack of pragmatic knowledge of English has obvious tendency of pragmatic transfer.