孔子教育思想的显著特点,就是重在理想人格的培养。《论语》一书是孔子和他的学生们(也包括其他一些人,但为数不多)的对话录,其间的谈话可以说大都是围绕着应该做一个什么样的人的问题展开的。这个按照孔子人格理想所应成为的人,就是孔子的理想人格。他心目中的理想人格都是些什么人呢?他们各有那些品质特征呢?这就是本文所要探讨的孔子人格理想的模式问题。 首先,是所谓“圣人”。“子曰:‘圣人,吾不得而见之矣;得见君子者,斯可矣’。”(《论语·述而》。下引《论语》只注篇名)孔子说他看不到圣人,能看到君子就心满意足了。可见,圣人是他所理想的人格,这种人在人格分层上比君子高,他不是一般人所能达到的,因而是极为罕见 The notable feature of Confucius’s educational thought is that it focuses on the cultivation of ideal personality. The Analects of Confucius is a dialogue between Confucius and his students (including a few others, but not many). During the talks, most of the talk was about the question of what kind of person should be made of. This should be in accordance with the ideal of Confucius personality who is the ideal personality of Confucius. Who are the ideal personalities in his mind, and the quality characteristics of each of them? This is the mode of Confucian personality ideal to be explored in this article. First, the so-called “saint.” Confucius said he could not see the saint. Confucius said he could not see the saint Can see the gentleman satisfied. Visible, the saint is his ideal personality, such a person in the stratification of personality than the gentleman, he is not what most people can achieve, and therefore is extremely rare