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目的揭示耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)产生的环境影响因素,为预防和控制MRSA的产生提供理论依据。方法用临床常用消毒剂对甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌(MSSA)进行诱导,对比诱导前后的药敏结果并检测其耐药基因。结果 8株MSSA和实验室标准菌株ATCC 25923共9株菌中,经消毒剂诱导后有5株变为耐药,其中4株在临床常用消毒剂的持续加量作用下,其抑菌环内出现了有细菌生长或抑菌环直径变为零的现象,且均获得了mecA基因变成了MRSA,个别的还获得了smr基因,有的丢失了norA基因。结论 MSSA潜在耐药趋势,经小剂量临床常用消毒剂诱导可以发生基因突变而获得新的耐药基因变身为MRSA,提示消毒剂不合理使用是MRSA形成的重要原因之一,医疗机构急需强化消毒剂合理使用管理,以便遏止MRSA的产生,防止MRSA暴发流行。
Objective To reveal the environmental influencing factors of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of MRSA. Methods Methicillin - susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) was induced by commonly used clinical disinfectants. The drug susceptibility results before and after induction were compared and their resistance genes were tested. Results Of the 9 strains of 8 strains of MSSA and of ATCC 25923, 5 strains became resistant after being disinfected. Among them, 4 strains were resistant to antibacterial activity with the continuous addition of commonly used disinfectants There was a phenomenon that the diameter of bacterium growth or bacteriostatic ring became zero, and both mecA gene and MRA gene were obtained. Some of them also got smr gene and others lost norA gene. Conclusions The trend of drug resistance in MSSA is that MRSA can be obtained by gene mutations and can be induced by a small dose of commonly used clinical disinfectants. It is suggested that unreasonable use of disinfectants is one of the important causes for the formation of MRSA. Medical institutions are in urgent need of strengthening The rational use of disinfectant management, in order to stop the production of MRSA, prevent the outbreak of MRSA.